SEC Filing | BankUnited, Inc.

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bku-20230930

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023

Commission File Number: 001-35039

BankUnited, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware						27-0162450
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)


14817 Oak Lane	Miami Lakes	FL	33016
(Address of principal executive offices)			(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (305) 569-2000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Class

Trading Symbol

Name of Exchange on Which Registered

Common Stock, $0.01 Par Value

BKU

New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ý No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☒

Accelerated filer

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

The number of outstanding shares of the registrant common stock, $0.01 par value, as of October 30, 2023 was 74,382,141.

BANKUNITED, INC.

Form 10-Q

For the Quarter Ended September 30, 2023

TABLE OF CONTENTS


		Page

	Glossary of Defined Terms	ii

PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)
	Consolidated Balance Sheets	1
	Consolidated Statements of Income	2
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	3
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	4
	Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity	6
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	7

ITEM 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	34

ITEM 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	64

ITEM 4.	Controls and Procedures	64

PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.	Legal Proceedings	64

ITEM 1A.	Risk Factors	64

ITEM 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	64

ITEM 5.	O ther Information	65

ITEM 6.	Exhibits	66

SIGNATURES		67

GLOSSARY OF DEFINED TERMS

The following acronyms and terms may be used throughout this Form 10-Q, including the consolidated financial statements and related notes.



ACL						Allowance for credit losses
AFS						Available for sale
ALCO						Asset/Liability Committee
ALM						Asset Liability Management
AOCI						Accumulated other comprehensive income


ASC						Accounting Standards Codification
ASU						Accounting Standards Update






BKU						BankUnited, Inc.
BOLI						Bank Owned Life Insurance
BankUnited						BankUnited, National Association
The Bank						BankUnited, National Association
Bridge						Bridge Funding Group, Inc.
BTFP						Bank Term Funding Program
Buyout loans						FHA and VA insured mortgages from third party servicers who have exercised their right to purchase these loans out of GNMA securitizations


CCAR						Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review

CD						Certificate of Deposit
CECL						Current expected credit losses
CET1						Common Equity Tier 1 capital

C&I						Commercial and Industrial loans, including owner-occupied commercial real estate
CLO						Collateralized loan obligations
CMBS						Commercial mortgage-backed securities
CME						Chicago Mercantile Exchange
CMOs						Collateralized mortgage obligations



CRE						Commercial real estate loans, including non-owner occupied commercial real estate and construction and land




DSCR						Debt Service Coverage Ratio


EVE						Economic value of equity


FCA						The Financial Conduct Authority

FDIA						Federal Deposit Insurance Act
FDIC						Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

FHA						Federal Housing Administration
FHLB						Federal Home Loan Bank
FICO						Fair Isaac Corporation (credit score)

FRB						Federal Reserve Bank
GAAP						U.S. generally accepted accounting principles
GDP						Gross Domestic Product

GNMA						Government National Mortgage Association







ISDA						International Swaps and Derivatives Association

LGD						Loss Given Default
LIBOR						London InterBank Offered Rate
LIHTC						Low Income Housing Tax Credits
LTV						Loan-to-value
MBS						Mortgage-backed securities
MSA						Metropolitan Statistical Area


NRSRO						Nationally recognized statistical rating organization







OREO						Other real estate owned


PCD						Purchased credit-deteriorated
PD						Probability of default
Pinnacle						Pinnacle Public Finance, Inc.






REIT						Real Estate Investment Trust


RPA						Risk Participation Agreement



SBA						U.S. Small Business Administration

SEC						Securities and Exchange Commission

SOFR						Secured Overnight Financing Rate


TDR						Troubled-debt restructuring
Tri-State						New York, New Jersey and Connecticut
UPB						Unpaid principal balance

VA loan						Loan guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

iii

PART I

Item 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - UNAUDITED

(In thousands, except share and per share data)


	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
ASSETS
Cash and due from banks:
Non-interest bearing	$	12,391	$	16,068
Interest bearing	379,494		556,579
Cash and cash equivalents	391,885		572,647
Investment securities (including securities reported at fair value of $8,876,484 and $9,745,327)	8,886,484		9,755,327
Non-marketable equity securities	312,159		294,172

Loans	24,356,276		24,885,988
Allowance for credit losses	(196,063)		(147,946)
Loans, net	24,160,213		24,738,042
Bank owned life insurance	319,808		308,212
Operating lease equipment, net	460,146		539,799

Goodwill	77,637		77,637
Other assets	781,332		740,876
Total assets	$	35,389,664	$	37,026,712

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Liabilities:
Demand deposits:
Non-interest bearing	$	7,356,523	$	8,037,848
Interest bearing	3,290,391		2,142,067
Savings and money market	10,276,071		13,061,341
Time	5,189,681		4,268,078
Total deposits	26,112,666		27,509,334
Federal funds purchased	—		190,000
FHLB advances	5,165,000		5,420,000
Notes and other borrowings	715,197		720,923
Other liabilities	872,731		750,474
Total liabilities	32,865,594		34,590,731

Commitments and contingencies

Stockholders' equity:
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share, 400,000,000 shares authorized; 74,413,059 and 75,674,587 shares issued and outstanding	744		757
Paid-in capital	279,672		321,729
Retained earnings	2,650,850		2,551,400
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(407,196)		(437,905)
Total stockholders' equity	2,524,070		2,435,981
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	35,389,664	$	37,026,712

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME - UNAUDITED

(In thousands, except per share data)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Interest income:
Loans	$	337,014	$	244,884	$	971,962	$	645,669
Investment securities	122,857		77,109		362,219		174,928
Other	10,668		4,031		40,195		8,364
Total interest income	470,539		326,024		1,374,376		828,961
Interest expense:
Deposits	176,974		53,206		467,472		85,569
Borrowings	78,723		36,982		250,310		73,498
Total interest expense	255,697		90,188		717,782		159,067
Net interest income before provision for credit losses	214,842		235,836		656,594		669,894
Provision for credit losses	33,049		3,720		68,354		35,546
Net interest income after provision for credit losses	181,793		232,116		588,240		634,348
Non-interest income:
Deposit service charges and fees	5,402		6,064		16,296		17,920

Gain (loss) on investment securities, net	887		135		(10,669)		(16,125)
Lease financing	16,531		13,180		42,159		39,958
Other non-interest income	4,904		3,693		21,960		9,070
Total non-interest income	27,724		23,072		69,746		50,823
Non-interest expense:
Employee compensation and benefits	68,825		66,097		207,290		195,646
Occupancy and equipment	10,890		11,719		32,735		34,630
Deposit insurance expense	7,790		4,398		23,294		11,794
Professional fees	2,696		3,184		9,132		8,702
Technology	19,193		19,813		61,356		54,715

Depreciation of operating lease equipment	11,217		12,646		33,970		37,841

Other non-interest expense	26,479		20,248		77,311		48,503
Total non-interest expense	147,090		138,105		445,088		391,831
Income before income taxes	62,427		117,083		212,898		293,340
Provision for income taxes	15,446		29,233		55,039		72,576
Net income	$	46,981	$	87,850	$	157,859	$	220,764
Earnings per common share, basic	$	0.63	$	1.13	$	2.12	$	2.73
Earnings per common share, diluted	$	0.63	$	1.12	$	2.11	$	2.71

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - UNAUDITED

(In thousands)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net income	$	46,981	$	87,850	$	157,859	$	220,764
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities available for sale:
Net unrealized holding gain (loss) arising during the period	(32,854)		(117,300)		23,717		(470,249)
Reclassification adjustment for net securities gains realized in income	(159)		(258)		(1,342)		(2,906)
Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on securities available for sale	(33,013)		(117,558)		22,375		(473,155)
Unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments:
Net unrealized holding gains arising during the period	12,410		30,495		42,598		74,540
Reclassification adjustment for net (gains) losses realized in income	(14,031)		(283)		(34,264)		6,814

Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments	(1,621)		30,212		8,334		81,354
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(34,634)		(87,346)		30,709		(391,801)
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	12,347	$	504	$	188,568	$	(171,037)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - UNAUDITED

(In thousands)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	157,859	$	220,764
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization and accretion, net	(8,002)		(5,444)
Provision for credit losses	68,354		35,546



Loss on investment securities, net	10,669		16,125
Equity based compensation	15,647		13,378
Depreciation and amortization	57,040		57,737
Deferred income taxes	(18,098)		13,647

Proceeds from sale of loans held for sale, net	254,642		589,681


Other:
(Increase) decrease in other assets	(17,351)		259,044
Increase in other liabilities	72,956		116,663
Net cash provided by operating activities	593,716		1,317,141

Cash flows from investing activities:

Purchases of investment securities	(247,620)		(2,713,761)
Proceeds from repayments and calls of investment securities	790,032		1,514,500
Proceeds from sale of investment securities	341,990		798,205
Purchases of non-marketable equity securities	(400,900)		(336,375)
Proceeds from redemption of non-marketable equity securities	382,913		210,450
Purchases of loans	(418,244)		(2,000,568)
Loan originations and repayments, net	635,953		872,339
Proceeds from sale of loans, net	38,765		21,327

Proceeds from sale of operating lease equipment	49,837		23,256


Other investing activities	(23,539)		(34,639)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	1,149,187		(1,645,266)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)

(In thousands)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net decrease in deposits	(1,396,668)		(2,089,027)
Net decrease in federal funds purchased	(190,000)		(199,000)
Additions to FHLB borrowings	2,380,000		4,075,000
Repayments of FHLB borrowings	(2,635,000)		(685,000)

Dividends paid	(59,034)		(60,082)

Repurchase of common stock	(55,154)		(336,533)
Other financing activities	32,191		34,048
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	(1,923,665)		739,406
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(180,762)		411,281
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	572,647		314,857
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	391,885	$	726,138

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Interest paid	$	676,388	$	138,143
Income taxes paid (refunded), net	$	22,127	$	(117,145)

Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities:


Transfers from loans to loans held for sale	$	308,854	$	613,243

Dividends declared, not paid	$	20,057	$	19,361



Obligations incurred in acquisition of affordable housing limited partnerships	$	—	$	65,000

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY - UNAUDITED

(In thousands, except share data)


	Common Shares Outstanding	Common Stock		Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total Stockholders’ Equity
Balance at June 30, 2023	74,429,948	$	744	$	274,202	$	2,623,926	$	(372,562)	$	2,526,310


Comprehensive income	—	—		—		46,981		(34,634)		12,347
Dividends ($0.27 per common share)	—	—		—		(20,057)		—		(20,057)
Equity based compensation, net of shares forfeited and surrendered	(16,889)	—		5,470		—		—		5,470


Balance at September 30, 2023	74,413,059	$	744	$	279,672	$	2,650,850	$	(407,196)	$	2,524,070

Balance at June 30, 2022	77,944,216	$	779	$	387,583	$	2,438,050	$	(320,395)	$	2,506,017
Comprehensive income	—	—		—		87,850		(87,346)		504
Dividends ($0.25 per common share)	—	—		—		(19,361)		—		(19,361)
Equity based compensation, net of shares forfeited and surrendered	(30,699)	—		4,617		—		—		4,617

Repurchase of common stock	(314,109)	(3)		(10,789)		—		—		(10,792)
Balance at September 30, 2022	77,599,408	$	776	$	381,411	$	2,506,539	$	(407,741)	$	2,480,985


	Common Shares Outstanding	Common Stock		Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total Stockholders’ Equity
















Balance at December 31, 2022	75,674,587	$	757	$	321,729	$	2,551,400	$	(437,905)	$	2,435,981
Impact of adoption of ASU 2022-02	—	—		—		1,336		—		1,336
Balance at January 1, 2023	75,674,587	757		321,729		2,552,736		(437,905)		2,437,317
Comprehensive income	—	—		—		157,859		30,709		188,568
Dividends ($0.81 per common share)	—	—		—		(59,745)		—		(59,745)
Equity based compensation, net of shares forfeited and surrendered	372,717	3		13,081		—		—		13,084

Repurchase of common stock	(1,634,245)	(16)		(55,138)		—		—		(55,154)
Balance at September 30, 2023	74,413,059	$	744	$	279,672	$	2,650,850	$	(407,196)	$	2,524,070



Balance at December 31, 2021	85,647,986	$	856	$	707,503	$	2,345,342	$	(15,940)	$	3,037,761
Comprehensive loss	—	—		—		220,764		(391,801)		(171,037)
Dividends ($0.75 per common share)	—	—		—		(59,567)		—		(59,567)
Equity based compensation, net of shares forfeited and surrendered	297,022	3		10,358		—		—		10,361

Repurchase of common stock	(8,345,600)	(83)		(336,450)		—		—		(336,533)
Balance at September 30, 2022	77,599,408	$	776	$	381,411	$	2,506,539	$	(407,741)	$	2,480,985

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

Table of Contents

BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023

Note 1 Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

BankUnited, Inc. is a national bank holding company with one wholly-owned subsidiary, BankUnited, collectively, the Company. BankUnited, a national banking association headquartered in Miami Lakes, Florida, provides a full range of banking and related services to individual and corporate customers through banking centers in Florida, the New York metropolitan area and Dallas, Texas. The Bank also offers certain commercial lending and deposit products through national platforms and regional wholesale banking offices.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the SEC. Accordingly, these do not include all of the information and footnotes required for a fair presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flows in conformity with GAAP and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto appearing in BKU’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 filed with the SEC. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in future periods.

The Company has a single operating segment and thus a single reportable segment. While management monitors the revenue streams of its various business units, the business units serve a similar base of primarily commercial clients, providing a similar range of products and services, managed through similar processes and platforms. The Company’s chief operating decision maker makes company-wide resource allocation decisions and assessments of performance based on a collective assessment of the Company’s operations.

Accounting Estimates

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ significantly from these estimates.

The most significant estimate impacting the Company's consolidated financial statements is the ACL.

New Accounting Pronouncements Adopted During the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023

ASU No. 2022-02, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326). This ASU eliminated the accounting guidance for TDRs by creditors in Subtopic 310-40, Receivables - Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors. The ASU enhanced disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancings and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, updated certain requirements related to accounting for credit losses under ASC 326 and required disclosure of current-period gross charge-offs of financing receivables by year of origination. The Company adopted this ASU in the first quarter of 2023, prospectively, except with respect to the recognition and measurement of TDRs, for which the modified retrospective transition method was applied. The Company recorded a reduction to the ACL of $1.8 million and a cumulative-effect adjustment, net of tax, to retained earnings of $1.3 million on January 1, 2023.

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

ASU No. 2023-02—Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures using the Proportional Amortization Method (A Consensus of the Emerging Issues Task Force). This ASU was issued to expand use of the proportional amortization method of accounting to equity investments in tax credit programs beyond those in LIHTC programs. The ASU allows entities to elect the proportional amortization method, on a tax-credit-program-by-tax-credit-program basis, for all equity investments in tax credit programs meeting the eligibility criteria established. This ASU is effective for the Company for interim and annual periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. Currently, all of the Company's equity investments in tax credit programs are in LIHTC programs accounted for using the proportional amortization method.

Table of Contents

BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023

Note 2 Earnings Per Common Share

The computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share is presented below for the periods indicated (in thousands, except share and per share data):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
c	2023		2022		2023		2022
Basic earnings per common share:
Numerator:
Net income	$	46,981	$	87,850	$	157,859	$	220,764
Distributed and undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities	(700)		(1,343)		(2,378)		(3,258)
Income allocated to common stockholders for basic earnings per common share	$	46,281	$	86,507	$	155,481	$	217,506
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares outstanding	74,416,698		77,912,320		74,530,871		81,039,561
Less average unvested stock awards	(1,165,105)		(1,221,971)		(1,180,570)		(1,230,396)
Weighted average shares for basic earnings per common share	73,251,593		76,690,349		73,350,301		79,809,165
Basic earnings per common share	$	0.63	$	1.13	$	2.12	$	2.73
Diluted earnings per common share:
Numerator:
Income allocated to common stockholders for basic earnings per common share	$	46,281	$	86,507	$	155,481	$	217,506
Adjustment for earnings reallocated from participating securities	3		6		8		9
Income used in calculating diluted earnings per common share	$	46,284	$	86,513	$	155,489	$	217,515
Denominator:
Weighted average shares for basic earnings per common share	73,251,593		76,690,349		73,350,301		79,809,165
Dilutive effect of certain share-based awards	537,230		433,472		388,372		308,608
Weighted average shares for diluted earnings per common share	73,788,823		77,123,821		73,738,673		80,117,773
Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.63	$	1.12	$	2.11	$	2.71

Potentially dilutive unvested shares totaling 1,160,047 and 1,213,029 were outstanding at September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, but excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per common share because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.

Table of Contents

BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023

Note 3 Investment Securities

Investment securities include investment securities available for sale, marketable equity securities, and investment securities held to maturity. The investment securities portfolio consisted of the following at the dates indicated (in thousands):



	September 30, 2023
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized				Carrying Value (1)
			Gains		Losses
Investment securities available for sale:
U.S. Treasury securities	$	119,480	$	—	$	(12,875)	$	106,605
U.S. Government agency and sponsored enterprise residential MBS	1,979,751		1,228		(48,521)		1,932,458
U.S. Government agency and sponsored enterprise commercial MBS	572,284		122		(80,566)		491,840

Private label residential MBS and CMOs	2,643,718		3		(353,396)		2,290,325
Private label commercial MBS	2,351,312		767		(95,750)		2,256,329
Single family real estate-backed securities	418,422		—		(24,958)		393,464
Collateralized loan obligations	1,059,953		575		(12,716)		1,047,812
Non-mortgage asset-backed securities	108,360		41		(4,057)		104,344
State and municipal obligations	107,873		—		(10,638)		97,235
SBA securities	113,884		210		(3,439)		110,655

	9,475,037		$	2,946	$	(646,916)	8,831,067
Investment securities held to maturity	10,000						10,000
	$	9,485,037					8,841,067
Marketable equity securities							45,417
							$	8,886,484

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023



	December 31, 2022
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized				Carrying Value (1)
			Gains		Losses
Investment securities available for sale:
U.S. Treasury securities	$	148,956	$	63	$	(13,178)	$	135,841
U.S. Government agency and sponsored enterprise residential MBS	2,036,693		1,334		(54,859)		1,983,168
U.S. Government agency and sponsored enterprise commercial MBS	600,517		—		(75,423)		525,094

Private label residential MBS and CMOs	2,864,589		54		(333,980)		2,530,663
Private label commercial MBS	2,645,168		176		(120,990)		2,524,354
Single family real estate-backed securities	502,194		—		(31,753)		470,441
Collateralized loan obligations	1,166,838		151		(30,526)		1,136,463
Non-mortgage asset-backed securities	102,194		—		(6,218)		95,976
State and municipal obligations	122,181		695		(6,215)		116,661
SBA securities	139,320		381		(3,919)		135,782
	10,328,650		$	2,854	$	(677,061)	9,654,443
Investment securities held to maturity	10,000						10,000
	$	10,338,650					9,664,443
Marketable equity securities							90,884
							$	9,755,327

(1)At fair value except for securities held to maturity.

Investment securities held to maturity at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 consisted of one State of Israel bond maturing in 2024. Accrued interest receivable on investments totaled $35 million and $34 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, and is included in other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

At September 30, 2023, contractual maturities of investment securities available for sale, adjusted for anticipated prepayments when applicable, were as follows (in thousands):


	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	1,155,146	$	1,095,289
Due after one year through five years	5,306,505		5,095,745
Due after five years through ten years	1,709,432		1,518,508
Due after ten years	1,303,954		1,121,525
	$	9,475,037	$	8,831,067

The carrying value of securities pledged as collateral for FHLB advances, public deposits, interest rate swaps and to secure borrowing capacity at the FRB totaled $7.7 billion and $4.1 billion at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023

The following table provides information about gains and losses on investment securities for the periods indicated (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022

Gross realized gains on investment securities AFS	$	242	$	352	$	1,861	$	4,058
Gross realized losses on investment securities AFS	(27)		(3)		(47)		(131)
Net realized gain	215		349		1,814		3,927






Net gains (losses) on marketable equity securities recognized in earnings	672		(214)		(12,483)		(20,052)





Gain (loss) on investment securities, net	$	887	$	135	$	(10,669)	$	(16,125)

The following tables present the aggregate fair value and the aggregate amount by which amortized cost exceeded fair value for investment securities available for sale in unrealized loss positions aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities had been in continuous unrealized loss positions at the dates indicated (in thousands):


	September 30, 2023

	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or Greater				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
U.S. Treasury securities	$	9,847	$	(113)	$	96,758	$	(12,762)	$	106,605	$	(12,875)
U.S. Government agency and sponsored enterprise residential MBS	85,955		(1,008)		1,707,210		(47,513)		1,793,165		(48,521)
U.S. Government agency and sponsored enterprise commercial MBS	3,089		(254)		475,204		(80,312)		478,293		(80,566)

Private label residential MBS and CMOs	28,407		(440)		2,249,139		(352,956)		2,277,546		(353,396)
Private label commercial MBS	117,009		(1,400)		2,044,864		(94,350)		2,161,873		(95,750)
Single family real estate-backed securities	29,764		(22)		363,700		(24,936)		393,464		(24,958)
Collateralized loan obligations	89,928		(72)		909,457		(12,644)		999,385		(12,716)
Non-mortgage asset-backed securities	—		—		81,373		(4,057)		81,373		(4,057)
State and municipal obligations	68,039		(2,789)		29,196		(7,849)		97,235		(10,638)
SBA securities	8,496		(48)		89,696		(3,391)		98,192		(3,439)

	$	440,534	$	(6,146)	$	8,046,597	$	(640,770)	$	8,487,131	$	(646,916)

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023


	December 31, 2022
	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or Greater				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
U.S. Treasury securities	$	29,198	$	(495)	$	86,744	$	(12,683)	$	115,942	$	(13,178)
U.S. Government agency and sponsored enterprise residential MBS	1,243,286		(26,789)		672,322		(28,070)		1,915,608		(54,859)
U.S. Government agency and sponsored enterprise commercial MBS	236,102		(5,736)		288,992		(69,687)		525,094		(75,423)

Private label residential MBS and CMOs	1,103,578		(93,480)		1,413,642		(240,500)		2,517,220		(333,980)
Private label commercial MBS	1,191,969		(39,729)		1,223,223		(81,261)		2,415,192		(120,990)
Single family real estate-backed securities	391,421		(22,293)		79,020		(9,460)		470,441		(31,753)
Collateralized loan obligations	596,803		(14,020)		494,945		(16,506)		1,091,748		(30,526)
Non-mortgage asset-backed securities	95,976		(6,218)		—		—		95,976		(6,218)
State and municipal obligations	67,444		(6,154)		1,114		(61)		68,558		(6,215)
SBA securities	42,900		(553)		74,291		(3,366)		117,191		(3,919)

	$	4,998,677	$	(215,467)	$	4,334,293	$	(461,594)	$	9,332,970	$	(677,061)

The Company monitors its investment securities available for sale for credit loss impairment on an individual security basis. No securities were determined to be credit loss impaired during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. At September 30, 2023, the Company did not have an intent to sell securities that were in unrealized loss positions, and it was not more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell these securities before recovery of the amortized cost basis, which may be at maturity. In making this determination, the Company considered its current and projected liquidity position including its ability to pledge securities to generate liquidity, its investment policy as to permissible holdings and concentration limits, regulatory requirements and other relevant factors. While recent events impacting the banking sector have impacted the liquidity profile of many banks, including BankUnited, the substantial majority of our investment securities are pledgeable at either the FHLB or FRB. We have not sold, and do not anticipate the need to sell, securities in unrealized loss positions to generate liquidity.

At September 30, 2023, 587 securities available for sale were in unrealized loss positions. The amount of impairment related to 105 of these securities was considered insignificant both individually and in the aggregate, totaling approximately $1.0 million and no further analysis with respect to these securities was considered necessary.

The basis for concluding that AFS securities were not credit loss impaired and no ACL was considered necessary at September 30, 2023, is further discussed below.

Unrealized losses were generally attributable to rising interest rates and widening spreads related to the Federal Reserve's quantitative tightening and benchmark interest rate increases. Continuing uncertainty with respect to the trajectory of the economy has also led to market uncertainty, producing some yield curve dislocations. The investment securities AFS portfolio was in a net unrealized loss position of $644.0 million at September 30, 2023, compared to $674.2 million at December 31, 2022, improving by $30 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

U.S. Government, U.S. Government Agency and Government Sponsored Enterprise Securities

At September 30, 2023, six U.S. treasury, 156 U.S. Government agency and sponsored enterprise residential MBS, 27 U.S. Government agency and sponsored enterprise commercial MBS, and 18 SBA securities were in unrealized loss positions. The timely payment of principal and interest on these securities is explicitly or implicitly guaranteed by the U.S. Government. As such, there is an assumption of zero credit loss and the Company expects to recover the amortized cost basis of these securities.

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023

Private Label Securities:

None of the impaired private label securities had missed principal or interest payments or had been downgraded by a NRSRO at September 30, 2023. The Company performed an analysis comparing the present value of cash flows expected to be collected to the amortized cost basis of impaired securities. This analysis was based on a scenario that we believe to be generally more conservative than our reasonable and supportable economic forecast at September 30, 2023, and incorporated assumptions about voluntary prepayment rates, collateral defaults, delinquencies, severity and other relevant factors as described further below. Our analysis also considered the structural characteristics of each security and the level of credit enhancement provided by that structure.

Private label residential MBS and CMOs

At September 30, 2023, 116 private label residential MBS and CMOs were in unrealized loss positions. Our analysis of cash flows expected to be collected on these securities incorporated assumptions about collateral default rates, voluntary prepayment rates, loss severity, delinquencies and recovery lag. In developing those assumptions, we took into account collateral quality measures such as FICO, LTV, documentation, loan type, property type, agency availability criteria and performing status. We also regularly monitor sector data including home price appreciation, forbearance, delinquency and prepay trends as well as other economic data that could be indicative of stress in the sector. Our September 30, 2023 analysis projected weighted average collateral losses for impaired securities in this category of 2% compared to weighted average credit support of 18%. As of September 30, 2023, 94% of impaired securities in this category, based on carrying value, were externally rated AAA, 4% were rated AA and 2% were rated A.

Private label commercial MBS

At September 30, 2023, 100 private label commercial MBS were in unrealized loss positions. Our analysis of cash flows expected to be collected on these securities incorporated assumptions about collateral default rates, voluntary prepayment rates, loss severity, delinquencies and recovery lag. In developing those assumptions, we took into account collateral quality and type, loan size, loan purpose and other qualitative factors. We also regularly monitor collateral watch lists, bankruptcy data, defeasance data, special servicing trends, delinquency and other economic data that could be indicative of stress in the sector. Our September 30, 2023 analysis projected weighted average collateral losses for impaired securities in this category of 6% compared to weighted average credit support of 43%. As of September 30, 2023, 85% of impaired securities in this category, based on carrying value, were externally rated AAA, 10% were rated AA and 5% were rated A.

Single family real estate-backed securities

At September 30, 2023, 13 single family rental real estate-backed securities were in unrealized loss positions. Our analysis of cash flows expected to be collected on these securities incorporated assumptions about collateral default rates, loss severity, delinquencies and recovery lag. We regularly monitor sector data including home price appreciation, forbearance, delinquency and prepay trends as well as other economic data that could be indicative of stress in the sector. Our September 30, 2023 analysis projected weighted average collateral losses for this category of 7% compared to weighted average credit support of 53%. As of September 30, 2023, 58% of impaired securities in this category, based on carrying value, were externally rated AAA, 16% were rated AA and one security was not externally rated.

Collateralized loan obligations

At September 30, 2023, 26 collateralized loan obligations were in unrealized loss positions. Our analysis of cash flows expected to be collected on these securities incorporated assumptions about collateral default rates, loss severity, and delinquencies, calibrated to take into account idiosyncratic risks associated with the underlying collateral. In developing those assumptions, we took into account each sector’s performance pre-, during and post the 2008 financial crisis. We regularly engage with bond managers to monitor trends in underlying collateral including potential downgrades and subsequent cash flow diversions, liquidity, ratings migration, and any other relevant developments. Our September 30, 2023 analysis projected weighted average collateral losses for impaired securities in this category of 11% compared to weighted average credit support of 45%. As of September 30, 2023, 81% of the impaired securities in this category, based on carrying value, were externally rated AAA, 15% were rated AA and 4% were rated A.

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023

Non-mortgage asset-backed securities

At September 30, 2023, six non-mortgage asset-backed securities were in unrealized loss positions. These securities are backed by student loan collateral. Our analysis of cash flows expected to be collected on these securities incorporated assumptions about collateral default rates, loss severity, delinquencies, voluntary prepayment rates and recovery lag. In developing assumptions, we took into account collateral type, delineated by whether collateral consisted of loans to borrowers in school, refinancing, or a mixture. Our September 30, 2023 analysis projected weighted average collateral losses for impaired securities in this category of 4% compared to weighted average credit support of 24%. As of September 30, 2023, 39% of the impaired securities in this category, based on carrying value, were externally rated AAA, and 61% were rated AA.

State and Municipal Obligations

At September 30, 2023, 14 state and municipal obligations were in unrealized loss positions. Our analysis of potential credit loss impairment for these securities incorporates a quantitative measure of the underlying obligor's credit worthiness provided by a third-party vendor as well as other relevant qualitative considerations. As of September 30, 2023, 54% of the impaired securities in this category, based on carrying value, were externally rated AAA, 10% were rated AA, and 36% were rated A.

Note 4 Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses

Loans consisted of the following at the dates indicated (dollars in thousands):


	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022

	Total		Percent of Total		Total		Percent of Total
Residential:
1-4 single family residential	$	6,982,832	28.7	%	$	7,128,834	28.6	%
Government insured residential	1,397,736		5.7	%	1,771,880		7.1	%

	8,380,568		34.4	%	8,900,714		35.7	%
Commercial:

Non-owner occupied commercial real estate	5,296,784		21.7	%	5,405,597		21.7	%
Construction and land	445,273		1.8	%	294,360		1.2	%
Owner occupied commercial real estate	1,851,246		7.6	%	1,890,813		7.6	%
Commercial and industrial	6,658,010		27.4	%	6,417,721		25.9	%

Pinnacle - municipal finance	900,199		3.7	%	912,122		3.7	%
Franchise finance	196,745		0.8	%	253,774		1.0	%
Equipment finance	219,874		0.9	%	286,147		1.1	%
Mortgage warehouse lending	407,577		1.7	%	524,740		2.1	%
	15,975,708		65.6	%	15,985,274		64.3	%
Total loans	24,356,276		100.0	%	24,885,988		100.0	%
Allowance for credit losses	(196,063)				(147,946)
Loans, net	$	24,160,213			$	24,738,042

Premiums, discounts and deferred fees and costs, excluding the non-credit related discount on PCD loans, totaled $50 million and $61 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of residential PCD loans and the related amount of non-credit discount, net of the related ACL, at the dates indicated (in thousands):


	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
UPB	$	84,904	$	96,437
Non-credit discount	(37,799)		(44,354)
Total amortized cost of PCD loans	47,105		52,083
ACL related to PCD loans	(169)		(409)
PCD loans, net	$	46,936	$	51,674

Included in loans, net are direct or sales type finance leases totaling $627 million and $634 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The amount of income recognized from direct or sales type finance leases for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 totaled $4.3 million, $13.0 million, $4.6 million and $13.6 million, respectively, and is included in interest income on loans in the consolidated statements of income.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company purchased residential loans totaling $78 million, $418 million, $425 million and $2.0 billion, respectively.

At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had pledged loans with a carrying value of approximately $17.3 billion and $12.4 billion, respectively, as security for FHLB advances and Federal Reserve discount window capacity.

At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, accrued interest receivable on loans totaled $134 million and $129 million, respectively, and is included in other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The amount of interest income reversed on non-accrual loans was not material for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

Allowance for credit losses

Activity in the ACL is summarized below for the periods indicated (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2023						2022
	Residential		Commercial		Total		Residential		Commercial		Total
Beginning balance	$	8,887	$	157,946	$	166,833	$	9,010	$	121,229	$	130,239


Provision (recovery)	(860)		31,737		30,877		2,384		369		2,753
Charge-offs	—		(5,155)		(5,155)		—		(4,280)		(4,280)
Recoveries	4		3,504		3,508		1		1,958		1,959
Ending balance	$	8,031	$	188,032	$	196,063	$	11,395	$	119,276	$	130,671

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023						2022
	Residential		Commercial		Total		Residential		Commercial		Total
Beginning balance	$	11,741	$	136,205	$	147,946	$	9,187	$	117,270	$	126,457
Impact of adoption of ASU 2022-02	(117)		(1,677)		(1,794)		N/A		N/A		N/A
Balance after adoption of ASU 2022-02	11,624		134,528		146,152		9,187		117,270		126,457
Provision (recovery)	(3,602)		66,269		62,667		2,576		30,830		33,406
Charge-offs	—		(22,190)		(22,190)		(412)		(35,518)		(35,930)
Recoveries	9		9,425		9,434		44		6,694		6,738
Ending balance	$	8,031	$	188,032	$	196,063	$	11,395	$	119,276	$	130,671

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023

The ACL was determined utilizing a 2-year reasonable and supportable forecast period. The quantitative portion of the ACL was determined using three weighted third-party provided economic scenarios.

The ACL increased by $48.1 million, from 0.59% to 0.80% of total loans, at September 30, 2023 compared to December 31, 2022. The more significant factors impacting the provision for credit losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 included a deteriorating economic forecast and an increase in certain specific reserves.

The following table presents gross charge-offs during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, by year of origination (in thousands):



	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior to 2019		Revolving Loans		Total

CRE	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	972	$	—	$	972
C&I	743		3,338		43		105		7,239		1,854		649		13,971



Franchise finance	—		—		—		1,013		2,409		3,825		—		7,247

	$	743	$	3,338	$	43	$	1,118	$	9,648	$	6,651	$	649	$	22,190

The following table presents the components of the provision for credit losses for the periods indicated (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Amount related to funded portion of loans	$	30,877	$	2,753	$	62,667	$	33,406
Amount related to off-balance sheet credit exposures	2,172		967		5,687		2,267
Other	—		—		—		(127)

Total provision for credit losses	$	33,049	$	3,720	$	68,354	$	35,546

Credit quality information

Credit quality of loans held for investment is continuously monitored by dedicated residential credit risk management and commercial portfolio management functions. The Company also has a workout and recovery department that monitors the credit quality of criticized and classified loans and an independent internal credit review function.

Credit quality indicators for residential loans

Management considers delinquency status to be the most meaningful indicator of the credit quality of residential loans, other than government insured residential loans. Delinquency statistics are updated at least monthly. LTV and FICO scores are also important indicators of credit quality for 1-4 single family residential loans other than government insured loans. FICO scores are generally updated semi-annually, and were most recently updated in the third quarter of 2023. LTVs are typically at origination since we do not routinely update residential appraisals. Substantially all of the government insured residential loans are government insured buyout loans, which the Company buys out of GNMA securitizations upon default. For these loans, traditional measures of credit quality are not particularly relevant considering the guaranteed nature of the loans and the underlying business model. Factors that impact risk inherent in the residential portfolio segment include national and regional economic conditions such as levels of unemployment, wages and interest rates, as well as residential property values.

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023

1-4 Single Family Residential credit exposure, excluding government insured residential loans, based on delinquency status (in thousands):


	September 30, 2023
	Amortized Cost By Origination Year
	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Total
Current	$	308,113	$	1,136,640	$	3,003,418	$	870,174	$	302,053	$	1,318,308	$	6,938,706
30 - 59 Days Past Due	107		4,193		11,097		1,456		—		10,195		27,048
60 - 89 Days Past Due	—		1,681		219		—		—		739		2,639
90 Days or More Past Due	—		6,127		128		2,050		1,563		4,571		14,439
	$	308,220	$	1,148,641	$	3,014,862	$	873,680	$	303,616	$	1,333,813	$	6,982,832


	December 31, 2022
	Amortized Cost By Origination Year
	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Total
Current	$	1,185,611	$	3,149,299	$	916,923	$	316,023	$	177,891	$	1,321,011	$	7,066,758
30 - 59 Days Past Due	12,752		16,432		3,266		2,953		1,854		5,759		43,016
60 - 89 Days Past Due	252		1,196		229		1,347		—		1,052		4,076
90 Days or More Past Due	2,589		2,158		2,173		360		3,069		4,635		14,984
	$	1,201,204	$	3,169,085	$	922,591	$	320,683	$	182,814	$	1,332,457	$	7,128,834

1-4 Single Family Residential credit exposure, excluding government insured residential loans, based on LTV (in thousands):


	September 30, 2023
	Amortized Cost By Origination Year
LTV	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Total
Less than 61%	$	50,658	$	265,342	$	1,228,237	$	331,864	$	72,956	$	452,361	$	2,401,418
61% - 70%	53,499		285,656		822,152		223,781		73,589		308,859		1,767,536
71% - 80%	204,063		595,548		929,735		317,963		151,667		534,823		2,733,799
More than 80%	—		2,095		34,738		72		5,404		37,770		80,079
	$	308,220	$	1,148,641	$	3,014,862	$	873,680	$	303,616	$	1,333,813	$	6,982,832


	December 31, 2022
	Amortized Cost By Origination Year
LTV	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Total
Less than 61%	$	282,940	$	1,301,279	$	354,720	$	76,404	$	42,864	$	472,090	$	2,530,297
61% - 70%	295,206		857,008		231,732		80,383		49,047		310,649		1,824,025
71% - 80%	620,049		975,542		336,066		158,406		86,463		510,633		2,687,159
More than 80%	3,009		35,256		73		5,490		4,440		39,085		87,353
	$	1,201,204	$	3,169,085	$	922,591	$	320,683	$	182,814	$	1,332,457	$	7,128,834

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023

1-4 Single Family Residential credit exposure, excluding government insured residential loans, based on FICO score (in thousands):


	September 30, 2023
	Amortized Cost By Origination Year
FICO	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Total
760 or greater	$	211,896	$	826,990	$	2,412,587	$	707,589	$	207,477	$	925,812	$	5,292,351
720 - 759	67,543		195,347		396,763		101,249		52,928		216,033		1,029,863
719 or less	28,781		126,304		205,512		64,842		43,211		191,968		660,618
	$	308,220	$	1,148,641	$	3,014,862	$	873,680	$	303,616	$	1,333,813	$	6,982,832


	December 31, 2022
	Amortized Cost By Origination Year
FICO	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Total
760 or greater	$	805,125	$	2,513,045	$	721,982	$	212,574	$	97,076	$	944,783	$	5,294,585
720 - 759	285,507		485,528		132,928		62,301		45,857		216,047		1,228,168
719 or less	110,572		170,512		67,681		45,808		39,881		171,627		606,081
	$	1,201,204	$	3,169,085	$	922,591	$	320,683	$	182,814	$	1,332,457	$	7,128,834

Credit quality indicators for commercial loans

Factors that impact risk inherent in commercial portfolio segments include but are not limited to levels of economic activity or potential disruptions in economic activity, health of the national, regional and to a lesser extent global economy, interest rates, industry trends, patterns of and trends in customer behavior that influence demand for our borrowers' products and services, and commercial real estate values. Internal risk ratings are considered the most meaningful indicator of credit quality for commercial loans. Internal risk ratings are generally indicative of the likelihood that a borrower will default, are a key factor influencing the level and nature of ongoing monitoring of loans and may impact the estimation of the ACL. Internal risk ratings are updated on a continuous basis. Generally, relationships with balances in excess of defined thresholds, ranging from $1 million to $3 million, are re-evaluated at least annually and more frequently if circumstances indicate that a change in risk rating may be warranted. The special mention rating is considered a transitional rating for loans exhibiting potential credit weaknesses that could result in deterioration of repayment prospects at some future date if not checked or corrected and that deserve management’s close attention. These borrowers may exhibit declining cash flows or revenues or increasing leverage. Loans with well-defined credit weaknesses that may result in a loss if the deficiencies are not corrected are assigned a risk rating of substandard. These borrowers may exhibit payment defaults, inadequate cash flows from current operations, operating losses, increasing balance sheet leverage, project cost overruns, unreasonable construction delays, exhausted interest reserves, declining collateral values, frequent overdrafts or past due real estate taxes. Loans with weaknesses so severe that collection in full is highly questionable or improbable, but because of certain reasonably specific pending factors have not been charged off, are assigned an internal risk rating of doubtful.

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023

Commercial credit exposure based on internal risk rating (in thousands):


	September 30, 2023
	Amortized Cost By Origination Year												Revolving Loans
	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior				Total
CRE
Pass	$	434,477	$	1,246,679	$	687,012	$	538,336	$	1,039,284	$	1,198,408	$	233,648	$	5,377,844
Special mention	—		54,913		2,119		—		17,733		184		—		74,949
Substandard	—		—		—		19,007		109,880		160,377		—		289,264

Total CRE	$	434,477	$	1,301,592	$	689,131	$	557,343	$	1,166,897	$	1,358,969	$	233,648	$	5,742,057
C&I
Pass	$	1,031,714	$	1,512,244	$	678,519	$	350,864	$	488,934	$	1,093,761	$	2,801,246	$	7,957,282
Special mention	9		64,338		81,766		15,199		50,348		20,157		32,882		264,699
Substandard	4,687		83,780		4,832		17,779		18,228		98,863		45,000		273,169
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		14,106		—		14,106
Total C&I	$	1,036,410	$	1,660,362	$	765,117	$	383,842	$	557,510	$	1,226,887	$	2,879,128	$	8,509,256
Pinnacle - municipal finance
Pass	$	158,220	$	140,362	$	78,322	$	34,597	$	56,848	$	431,850	$	—	$	900,199

Total Pinnacle - municipal finance	$	158,220	$	140,362	$	78,322	$	34,597	$	56,848	$	431,850	$	—	$	900,199
Franchise finance
Pass	$	5,381	$	26,660	$	37,233	$	31,551	$	23,706	$	26,612	$	334	$	151,477
Special mention	—		—		—		2,351		—		—		—		2,351
Substandard	—		221		1,193		893		22,538		12,834		—		37,679
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		5,238		—		5,238
Total Franchise finance	$	5,381	$	26,881	$	38,426	$	34,795	$	46,244	$	44,684	$	334	$	196,745
Equipment Finance
Pass	$	1,132	$	9,147	$	43,364	$	14,878	$	58,346	$	62,535	$	—	$	189,402

Substandard	—		15,066		2,151		—		6,126		7,129		—		30,472

Total Equipment finance	$	1,132	$	24,213	$	45,515	$	14,878	$	64,472	$	69,664	$	—	$	219,874
Mortgage warehouse lending
Pass	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	407,577	$	407,577



Total Mortgage warehouse lending	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	407,577	$	407,577

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023


	December 31, 2022
	Amortized Cost By Origination Year												Revolving Loans
	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior				Total
CRE
Pass	$	1,256,300	$	758,025	$	550,133	$	1,138,113	$	512,125	$	932,030	$	196,963	$	5,343,689
Special mention	—		—		—		18,006		—		709		—		18,715
Substandard	12,332		1,355		20,103		98,438		56,974		148,351		—		337,553

Total CRE	$	1,268,632	$	759,380	$	570,236	$	1,254,557	$	569,099	$	1,081,090	$	196,963	$	5,699,957
C&I
Pass	$	1,880,853	$	825,410	$	445,988	$	689,003	$	416,287	$	832,952	$	2,900,336	$	7,990,829
Special mention	63		—		208		3,880		—		20,657		310		25,118
Substandard	25,898		13,916		3,319		103,625		19,715		104,190		21,277		291,940
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		647		—		—		647
Total C&I	$	1,906,814	$	839,326	$	449,515	$	796,508	$	436,649	$	957,799	$	2,921,923	$	8,308,534
Pinnacle - municipal finance
Pass	$	179,223	$	110,510	$	66,592	$	66,514	$	29,783	$	459,500	$	—	$	912,122



Total Pinnacle - municipal finance	$	179,223	$	110,510	$	66,592	$	66,514	$	29,783	$	459,500	$	—	$	912,122
Franchise finance
Pass	$	81,146	$	19,251	$	38,293	$	34,483	$	8,617	$	6,799	$	—	$	188,589
Special mention	—		—		—		5,432		2,168		—		—		7,600
Substandard	—		1,617		1,295		22,058		17,148		8,124		—		50,242
Doubtful	—		—		1,013		2,447		3,883		—		—		7,343
Total franchise finance	$	81,146	$	20,868	$	40,601	$	64,420	$	31,816	$	14,923	$	—	$	253,774
Equipment finance
Pass	$	27,386	$	55,015	$	16,488	$	90,286	$	33,264	$	62,353	$	—	$	284,792

Substandard	—		—		—		1,355		—		—		—		1,355

Equipment finance	$	27,386	$	55,015	$	16,488	$	91,641	$	33,264	$	62,353	$	—	$	286,147
Mortgage warehouse lending
Pass	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	524,740	$	524,740



Total Mortgage warehouse lending	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	524,740	$	524,740

At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the balance of revolving loans converted to term loans was immaterial.

The following table presents criticized and classified commercial loans, in aggregate by risk rating category, at the dates indicated (in thousands):


	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Special mention	$	341,999	$	51,433
Substandard - accruing	534,336		605,965
Substandard - non-accruing	96,248		75,125
Doubtful	19,344		7,990
Total	$	991,927	$	740,513

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023

Past Due and Non-Accrual Loans:

The following table presents an aging of loans at the dates indicated (in thousands):


	September 30, 2023										December 31, 2022

	Current		30 - 59 Days Past Due		60 - 89 Days Past Due		90 Days or More Past Due		Total		Current		30 - 59 Days Past Due		60 - 89 Days Past Due		90 Days or More Past Due		Total
1-4 single family residential	$	6,938,706	$	27,048	$	2,639	$	14,439	$	6,982,832	$	7,066,758	$	43,016	$	4,076	$	14,984	$	7,128,834
Government insured residential	872,098		141,190		70,721		313,727		1,397,736		1,025,523		159,461		94,294		492,602		1,771,880



CRE	5,726,861		—		2,004		13,192		5,742,057		5,680,829		4,328		4,773		10,027		5,699,957

C&I	8,475,471		131		6,276		27,378		8,509,256		8,280,321		2,508		1,028		24,677		8,308,534


Pinnacle - municipal finance	900,199		—		—		—		900,199		912,122		—		—		—		912,122
Franchise finance	196,745		—		—		—		196,745		243,574		1,321		—		8,879		253,774
Equipment finance	219,874		—		—		—		219,874		286,147		—		—		—		286,147
Mortgage warehouse lending	407,577		—		—		—		407,577		524,740		—		—		—		524,740
	$	23,737,531	$	168,369	$	81,640	$	368,736	$	24,356,276	$	24,020,014	$	210,634	$	104,171	$	551,169	$	24,885,988

Included in the table above is the guaranteed portion of SBA loans past due by 90 days or more totaling $34.2 million and $30.8 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Loans contractually delinquent by 90 days or more and still accruing totaled $315 million and $494 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, substantially all of which were government insured residential loans. These loans are government insured pool buyout loans, which the Company buys out of GNMA securitizations upon default.

The following table presents information about loans on non-accrual status at the dates indicated (in thousands):


	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022

	Amortized Cost		Amortized Cost With No Related Allowance		Amortized Cost		Amortized Cost With No Related Allowance

1-4 single family residential	$	20,707	$	—	$	21,311	$	—
CRE	16,987		2,004		22,352		6,911

C&I	80,712		42,035		47,473		15,642


Franchise finance	17,893		10,314		13,290		1,668

	$	136,299	$	54,353	$	104,426	$	24,221

Included in the table above is the guaranteed portion of non-accrual SBA loans totaling $37.8 million and $40.3 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The amount of interest income recognized on non-accrual loans was insignificant for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. The amount of additional interest income that would have been recognized on non-accrual loans had they performed in accordance with their contractual terms was approximately $2.2 million and $5.6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and $2.1 million and $5.2 million for three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively.

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023

Collateral dependent loans:

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans at the dates indicated (in thousands):


	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Amortized Cost		Extent to Which Secured by Collateral		Amortized Cost		Extent to Which Secured by Collateral
1-4 single family residential	$	—	$	—	$	730	$	730
Commercial:
CRE	14,662		14,662		19,486		18,353
C&I	49,542		40,001		26,404		25,344

Franchise finance	17,673		11,395		11,445		3,729

Total commercial	81,877		66,058		57,335		47,426
	$	81,877	$	66,058	$	58,065	$	48,156

Collateral for the CRE loan class generally consists of commercial real estate, or for certain construction loans, residential real estate. Collateral for C&I loans generally consists of equipment, accounts receivable, inventory and other business assets and for owner-occupied commercial real estate loans, may also include commercial real estate. Franchise finance loans may be collateralized by franchise value or by equipment. Residential loans are collateralized by residential real estate. There were no significant changes to the extent to which collateral secured collateral dependent loans during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Foreclosure of residential real estate

The recorded investment in residential loans in the process of foreclosure was $305 million, of which $294 million was government insured, at September 30, 2023 and $413 million, of which $400 million was government insured, at December 31, 2022. The carrying amount of foreclosed residential real estate included in other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet was insignificant at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

Loan Modifications

The following tables summarize loans that were modified for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, by type of modification, during the periods indicated (dollars in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Interest Rate Reduction				Term Extension				Combination - Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension
	Total		% (1)		Total		% (1)			Total		% (1)		Total

Government insured residential	$	—	—	%	$	27,710	2	%		$	687	—	%	$	28,397

C&I	—		—	%	1,475		—	%		—		—	%	1,475
Franchise finance	—		—	%	11,085		6	%		—		—	%	11,085

	$	—			$	40,270				$	687			$	40,957


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Interest Rate Reduction				Term Extension				Combination - Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension
	Total		% (1)		Total		% (1)			Total		% (1)		Total
1-4 single family residential	$	759	—	%	$	—	—	%		$	—	—	%	$	759
Government insured residential	106		—	%	64,520		5	%		2,549		—	%	67,175

C&I	—		—	%	5,786		—	%		—		—	%	5,786
Franchise finance	—		—	%	14,470		7	%		—		—	%	14,470

	$	865			$	84,776				$	2,549			$	88,190

(1)Represents percentage of loans receivable in each category.

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023

The following tables summarize the financial effect of the modifications made to borrowers experiencing difficulty, during the periods indicated:

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023

Financial Effect

Term Extension:

Government insured residential

Added a weighted average 9.2 years to the term of the modified loans.

C&I

Added a weighted average 0.5 years to the term of the modified loans.

Franchise finance

Added a weighted average 2.1 years to the term of the modified loans.

Combination - Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension:

Government insured residential

Reduced weighted average contractual interest rate from 5.5% to 4.2% and added a weighted average 12.0 years to the term of the modified loans.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023

Financial Effect

Interest Rate Reduction:

1-4 single family residential

Reduced weighted average contractual interest rate from 3.8% to 3.1%.

Government insured residential

Reduced weighted average contractual interest rate from 4.8% to 3.8%.

Term Extension:

Government insured residential

Added a weighted average 8.4 years to the term of the modified loans.

C&I

Added a weighted average 0.6 years to the term of the modified loans.

Franchise finance

Added a weighted average 1.8 years to the term of the modified loans.

Combination - Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension:

Government insured residential

Reduced weighted average contractual interest rate from 5.7% to 4.7% and added a weighted average 7.8 years to the term of the modified loans.

The following table presents the aging at September 30, 2023, of loans that were modified since January 1, 2023, the date of adoption of ASU 2022-02 (in thousands):


	Current		30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 Days or More Past Due		Total
1-4 single family residential	$	—	$	759	$	—	$	—	$	759
Government insured residential	29,177		13,286		8,465		16,247		67,175

C&I	5,786		—		—		—		5,786
Franchise finance	14,470		—		—		—		14,470

	$	49,433	$	14,045	$	8,465	$	16,247	$	88,190

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023

The following tables summarizes loans that were modified since January 1, 2023, the date of adoption of ASU 2022-02, and subsequently defaulted, during the periods indicated (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Interest Rate Reduction		Term Extension		Combination - Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension		Total

Government insured residential	$	—	$	14,699	$	548	$	15,247


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Interest Rate Reduction		Term Extension		Combination - Interest Rate Reduction and Term Extension		Total

Government insured residential	$	106	$	28,432	$	860	$	29,398

Disclosures Prescribed by Legacy GAAP (Before Adoption of ASU 2022-02) for Prior Periods

The following table summarizes loans that were modified in TDRs during the periods indicated, as well as loans modified during the twelve months preceding September 30, 2022 that experienced payment defaults during the periods indicated (dollars in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022						Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
	Loans Modified in TDRs During the Period			TDRs Experiencing Payment Defaults During the Period			Loans Modified in TDRs During the Period			TDRs Experiencing Payment Defaults During the Period
	Number of TDRs	Amortized Cost		Number of TDRs	Amortized Cost		Number of TDRs	Amortized Cost		Number of TDRs	Amortized Cost
1-4 single family residential	1	$	96	—	$	—	10	$	5,385	—	$	—
Government insured residential	559	85,200		730	113,330		2,094	327,635		825	128,169
C&I	4	7,611		1	1,199		18	41,639		1	1,199

Bridge - franchise finance	4	6,615		4	6,615		4	6,615		4	6,615

	568	$	99,522	735	$	121,144	2,126	$	381,274	830	$	135,983

TDRs during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 generally included interest rate reductions and extensions of maturity. Included in TDRs are residential loans to borrowers who have not reaffirmed their debt discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy. The total amount of such loans is not material.

Note 5 Income Taxes

The Company’s effective income tax rate was 24.7% and 25.9% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and 25.0% and 24.7% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. The effective income tax rates differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 due primarily to the impact of state income taxes, partially offset by the benefit of income not subject to federal tax.

Note 6 Derivative Financial Instruments

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments

The Company has entered into interest rate swaps, caps and collars designated as cash flow hedges with the objective of limiting the variability of interest payment cash flows. The Company has also entered into interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges designed to hedge changes in the fair value of outstanding fixed rate instruments caused by fluctuations in the

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023

benchmark interest rate. Changes in fair value of derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges are reported in accumulated other comprehensive income. Changes in the fair value of derivative instruments designated as fair value hedges are recognized in earnings, as is the offsetting gain or loss on the hedged item.

The following table summarizes the Company's derivatives designated as hedging instruments as of the dates indicated (in thousands):


	September 30, 2023						December 31, 2022

	Notional Amount		Fair Value(1)				Notional Amount		Fair Value(1)
			Asset		Liability				Asset		Liability
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps	$	2,715,000	$	—	$	(4,899)	$	1,970,000	$	941	$	(1,514)
Interest rate caps purchased	200,000		13,910		—		200,000		15,673		—
Interest rate collar(2)	125,000		—		(595)		125,000		—		(203)
Derivatives designated as fair value hedges:
Pay-fixed interest rate swaps	100,000		—		—		100,000		—		—
	$	3,140,000	$	13,910	$	(5,494)	$	2,395,000	$	16,614	$	(1,717)

(1) The fair values of derivatives are included in other assets or other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

(2) The interest rate collar consists of a combination of zero-premium interest rate options. The Company sold a pay-variable cap with a strike price of 5.58%; sold a 0% floor; and purchased a receive-variable floor with a strike price of 1.50%.

Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges

The following table provides information about the amount of gain (loss) related to derivatives designated as cash flow hedges reclassified from AOCI into interest expense for the periods indicated (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,			Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2023		2022		2023		2022
Location of gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into income:
Interest expense on borrowings		$	13,442	$	(590)	$	30,935	$	(9,003)
Interest expense on deposits		6,300		972		17,162		(205)
Interest income on loans		(781)		—		(1,795)		—
		$	18,961	$	382	$	46,302	$	(9,208)

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, no derivative positions designated as cash flow hedges were discontinued and none of the gains and losses reported in AOCI were reclassified into earnings as a result of the discontinuance of cash flow hedges or because of the early extinguishment of debt. As of September 30, 2023, the amount of net gain expected to be reclassified from AOCI into earnings during the next twelve months was $52.7 million. See Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information about the reclassification adjustments from AOCI into earnings.

Derivatives designated as fair value hedges

The amount of gain (loss) related to derivatives designated as fair value hedges recognized in earnings was insignificant for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. The following table provides information about the hedged items related to derivatives designated as fair value hedges at the date indicated (in thousands):


	September 30, 2023		Location in Consolidated Balance Sheets
Contractual balance outstanding of hedged item (1)	$	100,000	Loans
Cumulative fair value hedging adjustments	$	(2,701)	Loans

(1)This amount is included in the amortized cost basis of a closed portfolio of loans used to designate hedging relationships in a portfolio layer method hedge in which the hedged item is anticipated to be outstanding for the designated hedge period. At September 30, 2023, the amortized cost basis of the closed portfolio used in this hedging relationship was $1.0 billion.

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

The Company enters into interest rate derivative contracts with certain of its commercial borrowers to enable those borrowers to manage their exposure to interest rate fluctuations. To mitigate interest rate risk associated with these derivative contracts, the Company enters into offsetting derivative contract positions with primary dealers. These interest rate derivative contracts are not designated as hedging instruments; therefore, changes in the fair value of these derivatives are recognized immediately in earnings. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the impact on earnings related to changes in fair value of these derivatives was not material.

The Company may be exposed to credit risk in the event of non-performance by the counterparties to its interest rate derivative agreements. The Company assesses the credit risk of its financial institution counterparties by monitoring publicly available credit rating and financial information. The Company manages dealer credit risk by entering into interest rate derivatives only with primary and highly rated counterparties, the use of ISDA master agreements, central clearing mechanisms and counterparty limits. The agreements contain bilateral collateral arrangements with the amount of collateral to be posted generally governed by the settlement value of outstanding swaps. The Company manages the risk of default by its commercial borrower counterparties through its normal loan underwriting and credit monitoring policies and procedures. The Company does not currently anticipate any significant losses from failure of interest rate derivative counterparties to honor their obligations.

The following table summarizes the Company's derivatives not designated as hedging instruments as of the dates indicated (in thousands):


	September 30, 2023						December 31, 2022

	Notional Amount		Fair Value(1)				Notional Amount		Fair Value(1)
			Asset		Liability				Asset		Liability
Derivatives not designated as hedges:
Pay-fixed interest rate swaps	$	2,040,182	$	127,488	$	(285)	$	1,916,719	$	67,942	$	(2,195)
Pay-variable interest rate swaps	2,040,182		284		(128,764)		1,916,719		2,195		(120,320)
Interest rate caps purchased	65,610		2,832		—		42,920		1,988		—
Interest rate caps sold	65,610		—		(2,832)		42,920		—		(1,988)
	$	4,211,584	$	130,604	$	(131,881)	$	3,919,278	$	72,125	$	(124,503)

(1) Fair values of these derivatives are included in other assets and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

Some of the Company’s ISDA master agreements with financial institution counterparties contain provisions that permit either counterparty to terminate the agreements and require settlement in the event that regulatory capital ratios fall below certain designated thresholds, upon the initiation of other defined regulatory actions or upon suspension or withdrawal of the Bank’s credit rating. Currently, there are no circumstances that would trigger these provisions of the agreements.

Master netting agreements

The Company does not offset assets and liabilities under master netting agreements for financial reporting purposes. Information on interest rate swaps and caps subject to these agreements is as follows at the dates indicated (in thousands):


	September 30, 2023

			Gross Amounts Offset in Balance Sheet		Net Amounts Presented in Balance Sheet		Gross Amounts Not Offset in Balance Sheet
	Gross Amounts Recognized						Derivative Instruments		Collateral Pledged		Net Amount
Derivative assets	$	144,230	$	—	$	144,230	$	(5,779)	$	(138,264)	$	187
Derivative liabilities	(5,779)		—		(5,779)		5,779		—		—
	$	138,451	$	—	$	138,451	$	—	$	(138,264)	$	187

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023


	December 31, 2022

			Gross Amounts Offset in Balance Sheet		Net Amounts Presented in Balance Sheet		Gross Amounts Not Offset in Balance Sheet
	Gross Amounts Recognized						Derivative Instruments		Collateral Pledged		Net Amount
Derivative assets	$	86,544	$	—	$	86,544	$	(3,912)	$	(79,447)	$	3,185
Derivative liabilities	(3,912)		—		(3,912)		3,912		—		—
	$	82,632	$	—	$	82,632	$	—	$	(79,447)	$	3,185

The difference between the amounts reported for interest rate swaps subject to master netting agreements and the total fair value of interest rate contract derivative financial instruments reported in the consolidated balance sheets is related to interest rate derivative contracts not subject to master netting agreements.

Risk Participation Agreements

The Company purchases and sells credit protection under RPAs with the objective of sharing with financial institution counterparties some of the credit exposure related to interest rate derivative contracts entered into with commercial borrowers related to participations purchased or sold. The Company will make or receive payments under these agreements if a customer defaults on an obligation to perform under certain interest rate derivative contracts. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the notional amount of the RPAs was $354 million and $202 million, respectively. The fair value of these derivatives was not material at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

Note 7 Stockholders’ Equity

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

Changes in other comprehensive income are summarized as follows for the periods indicated (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2023						2022
	Before Tax		Tax Effect		Net of Tax		Before Tax		Tax Effect		Net of Tax
Unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities available for sale:
Net unrealized holding losses arising during the period	$	(44,397)	$	11,543	$	(32,854)	$	(158,514)	$	41,214	$	(117,300)
Amounts reclassified to gain on investment securities available for sale, net	(215)		56		(159)		(349)		91		(258)
Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities available for sale	(44,612)		11,599		(33,013)		(158,863)		41,305		(117,558)
Unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments:
Net unrealized holding gains arising during the period	16,771		(4,361)		12,410		41,209		(10,714)		30,495
Amounts reclassified to interest expense on deposits	(6,300)		1,638		(4,662)		(972)		253		(719)
Amounts reclassified to interest expense on borrowings	(13,442)		3,495		(9,947)		590		(154)		436
Amounts reclassified to interest income on loans	781		(203)		578		—		—		—

Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments	(2,190)		569		(1,621)		40,827		(10,615)		30,212
Other comprehensive loss	$	(46,802)	$	12,168	$	(34,634)	$	(118,036)	$	30,690	$	(87,346)

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023						2022
	Before Tax		Tax Effect		Net of Tax		Before Tax		Tax Effect		Net of Tax
Unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities available for sale:
Net unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period	$	32,050	$	(8,333)	$	23,717	$	(635,446)	$	165,197	$	(470,249)
Amounts reclassified to gain on investment securities available for sale, net	(1,814)		472		(1,342)		(3,927)		1,021		(2,906)
Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities available for sale	30,236		(7,861)		22,375		(639,373)		166,218		(473,155)
Unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments:
Net unrealized holding gains arising during the period	57,565		(14,967)		42,598		100,559		(26,019)		74,540
Amounts reclassified to interest expense on deposits	(17,162)		4,462		(12,700)		205		(53)		152
Amounts reclassified to interest expense on borrowings	(30,935)		8,043		(22,892)		9,003		(2,341)		6,662
Amounts reclassified to interest income on loans	1,795		(467)		1,328		—		—		—
Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments	11,263		(2,929)		8,334		109,767		(28,413)		81,354
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	41,499	$	(10,790)	$	30,709	$	(529,606)	$	137,805	$	(391,801)

The categories of AOCI and changes therein are presented below for the periods indicated (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	Unrealized Loss on Investment Securities Available for Sale		Unrealized Gain on Derivative Instruments		Total





Balance at June 30, 2023	$	(443,523)	$	70,961	$	(372,562)
Other comprehensive loss	(33,013)		(1,621)		(34,634)
Balance at September 30, 2023	$	(476,536)	$	69,340	$	(407,196)

Balance at June 30, 2022	$	(352,738)	$	32,343	$	(320,395)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(117,558)		30,212		(87,346)
Balance at September 30, 2022	$	(470,296)	$	62,555	$	(407,741)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investment Securities Available for Sale		Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Derivative Instruments		Total





Balance at December 31, 2022	$	(498,911)	$	61,006	$	(437,905)
Other comprehensive income	22,375		8,334		30,709
Balance at September 30, 2023	$	(476,536)	$	69,340	$	(407,196)

Balance at December 31, 2021	$	2,859	$	(18,799)	$	(15,940)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(473,155)		81,354		(391,801)
Balance at September 30, 2022	$	(470,296)	$	62,555	$	(407,741)

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023

Note 8 Fair Value Measurements

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis

The following is a description of the methodologies used to estimate the fair values of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and the level within the fair value hierarchy in which those measurements are typically classified.

Investment securities available for sale and marketable equity securities—Fair value measurements are based on quoted prices in active markets when available; these measurements are classified within level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. These securities typically include U.S. Treasury securities and certain preferred stocks. If quoted prices in active markets are not available, fair values are estimated using quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, quoted prices of identical securities in less active markets, discounted cash flow techniques, or matrix pricing models. These securities are generally classified within level 2 of the fair value hierarchy and include U.S. Government agency securities, U.S. Government agency and sponsored enterprise MBS, preferred stock investments for which level 1 valuations are not available, non-mortgage asset-backed securities, single family real estate-backed securities, private label residential MBS and CMOs, private label commercial MBS, collateralized loan obligations and state and municipal obligations. Pricing of these securities is generally primarily spread driven. Observable inputs that may impact the valuation of these securities include benchmark yield curves, credit spreads, reported trades, dealer quotes, bids, issuer spreads, current rating, historical constant prepayment rates, historical voluntary prepayment rates, structural and waterfall features of individual securities, published collateral data, and for certain securities, historical constant default rates and default severities.

The Company uses third-party pricing services in determining fair value measurements for investment securities. To obtain an understanding of the methodologies and assumptions used, management reviews written documentation provided by the pricing services, conducts interviews with valuation desk personnel and reviews model results and detailed assumptions used to value selected securities as considered necessary. Management has established a robust price challenge process that includes a review by the treasury front office of all prices provided on a monthly basis. Any price evidencing unexpected month over month fluctuations or deviations from expectations is challenged. If considered necessary to resolve any discrepancies, a price will be obtained from an additional independent valuation source. The Company does not typically adjust the prices provided, other than through this established challenge process. The results of price challenges are subject to review by executive management. Any price discrepancies are resolved based on careful consideration of the assumptions and inputs employed by each of the pricing sources.

Derivative financial instruments—Fair values of interest rate swaps, caps and collars are determined using widely accepted discounted cash flow modeling techniques. These discounted cash flow models use projections of future cash payments and receipts that are discounted at mid-market rates. Observable inputs that may impact the valuation of these instruments include benchmark swap rates and benchmark forward yield curves. These fair value measurements are generally classified within level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023

The following tables present assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at the dates indicated (in thousands):


	September 30, 2023
	Level 1		Level 2		Total
Investment securities available for sale:
U.S. Treasury securities	$	106,605	$	—	$	106,605
U.S. Government agency and sponsored enterprise residential MBS	—		1,932,458		1,932,458
U.S. Government agency and sponsored enterprise commercial MBS	—		491,840		491,840

Private label residential MBS and CMOs	—		2,290,325		2,290,325
Private label commercial MBS	—		2,256,329		2,256,329
Single family real estate-backed securities	—		393,464		393,464
Collateralized loan obligations	—		1,047,812		1,047,812
Non-mortgage asset-backed securities	—		104,344		104,344
State and municipal obligations	—		97,235		97,235
SBA securities	—		110,655		110,655

Marketable equity securities	45,417		—		45,417

Derivative assets	—		144,514		144,514
Total assets at fair value	$	152,022	$	8,868,976	$	9,020,998
Derivative liabilities	$	—	$	(137,375)	$	(137,375)
Total liabilities at fair value	$	—	$	(137,375)	$	(137,375)


	December 31, 2022

	Level 1		Level 2		Total
Investment securities available for sale:
U.S. Treasury securities	$	135,841	$	—	$	135,841
U.S. Government agency and sponsored enterprise residential MBS	—		1,983,168		1,983,168
U.S. Government agency and sponsored enterprise commercial MBS	—		525,094		525,094

Private label residential MBS and CMOs	—		2,530,663		2,530,663
Private label commercial MBS	—		2,524,354		2,524,354
Single family real estate-backed securities	—		470,441		470,441
Collateralized loan obligations	—		1,136,463		1,136,463
Non-mortgage asset-backed securities	—		95,976		95,976
State and municipal obligations	—		116,661		116,661
SBA securities	—		135,782		135,782

Marketable equity securities	90,884		—		90,884

Derivative assets	—		88,739		88,739
Total assets at fair value	$	226,725	$	9,607,341	$	9,834,066
Derivative liabilities	$	—	$	(126,220)	$	(126,220)
Total liabilities at fair value	$	—	$	(126,220)	$	(126,220)

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis

Following is a description of the methodologies used to estimate the fair values of assets and liabilities that may be measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis, and the level within the fair value hierarchy in which those measurements are typically classified.

Collateral dependent loans and OREO—The carrying amount of collateral dependent loans is typically based on the fair value of the underlying collateral, which may be real estate, enterprise value or other business assets, less estimated costs to sell when repayment is expected to come from the sale of the collateral. The carrying value of OREO is initially measured based on the fair value of the real estate acquired in foreclosure and subsequently adjusted to the lower of cost or estimated fair value, less estimated cost to sell. Fair values of real estate collateral and OREO are typically based on third-party real estate appraisals which utilize market and income approaches to valuation incorporating both observable and unobservable inputs.

Fair value measurements related to collateral dependent loans and OREO are generally classified within level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

The following table presents the net carrying value of assets classified within level 3 of the fair value hierarchy at the dates indicated, for which non-recurring changes in fair value were recorded during the period then ended (in thousands):


	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022

Collateral dependent loans	$	59,576	$	31,789

OREO	29		693

	$	59,605	$	32,482

The following table presents the carrying value and fair value of financial instruments and the level within the fair value hierarchy in which those measurements are classified at the dates indicated (dollars in thousands):


		September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022

	Level	Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	1	$	391,885	$	391,885	$	572,647	$	572,647
Investment securities	1/2	$	8,886,484	$	8,886,350	$	9,755,327	$	9,755,190
Non-marketable equity securities	2	$	312,159	$	312,159	$	294,172	$	294,172

Loans, net	3	$	24,160,213	$	22,606,322	$	24,738,042	$	23,342,950
Derivative assets	2	$	144,514	$	144,514	$	88,739	$	88,739
Liabilities:
Demand, savings and money market deposits	2	$	20,922,985	$	20,922,985	$	23,241,256	$	23,241,256
Time deposits	2	$	5,189,681	$	5,132,900	$	4,268,078	$	4,231,167
Federal funds purchased	2	$	—	$	—	$	190,000	$	190,000
FHLB advances	2	$	5,165,000	$	5,164,688	$	5,420,000	$	5,419,588
Notes and other borrowings	2	$	715,197	$	642,941	$	720,923	$	698,359
Derivative liabilities	2	$	137,375	$	137,375	$	126,220	$	126,220

Note 9 Commitments and Contingencies

The Company issues off-balance sheet financial instruments to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to fund loans, unfunded commitments under existing lines of credit, and commercial and standby letters of credit. These commitments expose the Company to varying degrees of credit and market risk which are essentially the same as those involved in extending loans to customers, and are subject to the same credit policies used in underwriting loans. Collateral may be obtained based on the Company’s credit evaluation of the counterparty. The Company’s maximum exposure to credit loss is represented by the contractual amount of these commitments.

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BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023

Commitments to fund loans

These are agreements to lend funds to customers as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments to fund loans generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Many of these commitments are expected to expire without being funded and, therefore, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future liquidity requirements.

Unfunded commitments under lines of credit

Unfunded commitments under lines of credit include commercial and commercial real estate lines of credit to existing customers, for many of which additional extensions of credit are subject to borrowing base requirements. Some of these commitments may mature without being fully funded, so may not necessarily represent future liquidity requirements.

Commercial and standby letters of credit

Letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. These letters of credit are primarily issued to support trade transactions or guarantee arrangements. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers.

Total lending related commitments outstanding at September 30, 2023 were as follows (in thousands):


Commitments to fund loans	$	324,957

Unfunded commitments under lines of credit	4,996,007
Commercial and standby letters of credit	148,310
	$	5,469,274

Legal Proceedings

The Company is involved in various legal actions arising in the normal course of business. In the opinion of management, based upon advice of legal counsel, the likelihood is remote that the impact of these proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, would be material to the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Note 10 Deposits

The following table presents average balances and weighted average rates paid on deposits for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,								Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023				2022				2023				2022
	Average Balance		Average Rate Paid(1)		Average Balance		Average Rate Paid(1)		Average Balance		Average Rate Paid(1)		Average Balance		Average Rate Paid(1)
Demand deposits:
Non-interest bearing	$	6,937,537	—	%	$	8,749,794	—	%	$	7,152,362	—	%	$	9,071,135	—	%
Interest bearing	3,038,870		3.33	%	2,306,906		0.71	%	2,728,287		2.68	%	2,658,558		0.36	%
Savings and money market	10,205,765		3.81	%	13,001,566		1.22	%	10,844,838		3.43	%	13,150,357		0.64	%
Time	5,420,522		3.92	%	3,255,869		1.13	%	5,150,486		3.49	%	3,129,247		0.67	%
	$	25,602,694	2.74	%	$	27,314,135	0.78	%	$	25,875,973	2.41	%	$	28,009,297	0.41	%

(1)Annualized.

Time deposit accounts with balances greater than $250,000 totaled $893 million and $730 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Table of Contents

BANKUNITED, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

September 30, 2023

The following table presents maturities of time deposits as of September 30, 2023 (in thousands):


Maturing in:
2023	$	1,827,279
2024	2,890,024
2025	148,612
2026	323,052
2027	547
Thereafter	167
	$	5,189,681

Interest expense on deposits for the periods indicated was as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Interest bearing demand	$	25,491	$	4,104	$	54,781	$	7,215
Savings and money market	97,956		39,838		278,243		62,704
Time	53,527		9,264		134,448		15,650
	$	176,974	$	53,206	$	467,472	$	85,569

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, costs related to certain customer rebate and commission programs totaled $11.1 million, $29.0 million, $4.3 million and $8.1 million, respectively. These costs are included in "other non-interest expense" in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis is intended to focus on significant matters impacting and changes in the financial condition and results of operations of the Company during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes hereto included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and BKU's 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (the "2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K").

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 that reflect the Company’s current views with respect to, among other things, future events and financial performance. Words such as “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” "future" and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based on the historical performance of the Company or on the Company’s current plans, estimates and expectations. The inclusion of this forward-looking information should not be regarded as a representation by the Company that the future plans, estimates or expectations so contemplated will be achieved. Such forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties and assumptions relating to the Company’s operations, financial results, financial condition, business prospects, growth strategy and liquidity, including as impacted by external circumstances outside the Company's direct control, such as adverse events impacting the financial services industry. If one or more of these or other risks or uncertainties materialize, or if the Company’s underlying assumptions prove to be incorrect, the Company’s actual results may vary materially from those indicated in these statements. A number of important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated by the forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, the risk factors described in Part I, Item 1A of the 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K and any subsequent Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or Current Report on Form 8-K. The Company does not undertake any obligation to publicly update or review any forward looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.

Overview

Overview and Quarterly Highlights

Macro-Environmental Factors of Note:

During March and April of 2023, three highly publicized regional bank closures led to industry-wide concerns and volatility related to bank valuations, liquidity, deposit flows, and confidence in the banking system. Deposit flows, liquidity and market perceptions have stabilized considerably since those events, however, pressure on bank margins and valuations, in part influenced by those events, remains, as does a level of market uncertainty. The FRB continues its restrictive monetary policy stance, and there is uncertainty about the trajectory of macro-economic trends. Despite these circumstances, loan and deposit pipelines are healthy, deposit flows are generally stable, our margin expanded during the third quarter and non-performing asset and net charge-off ratios remain at what we consider to be low levels. Our liquidity position is strong and our capital base remains robust.

Quarterly Highlights:

In evaluating our financial performance, we consider the level of and trends in net interest income, the net interest margin, the cost of deposits, levels and composition of non-interest income and non-interest expense, performance ratios such as the return on average equity and return on average assets and asset quality ratios, including the ratio of non-performing loans to total loans, non-performing assets to total assets, trends in criticized and classified assets and portfolio delinquency and charge-off trends. We consider growth in and the composition of earning assets and deposits, the composition and level of available liquidity, our interest rate risk profile, trends in funding mix and cost of funds. We analyze these ratios and trends against our own historical performance, our budgeted performance, our risk appetite and the financial condition and performance of comparable financial institutions.

•Net income for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was $47.0 million, or $0.63 per diluted share, compared to $58.0 million or $0.78 per diluted share for the immediately preceding three months ended June 30, 2023 and $87.9 million, or $1.12 per diluted share, for the three months ended September 30, 2022. Earnings for the three months ended September 30, 2023 were impacted by an increase in the provision for credit losses, the most significant driver of which was the impact of a less favorable economic forecast. Net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $157.9 million, or $2.11 per diluted share, compared to $220.8 million, or $2.71 per diluted share for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

•We gained momentum executing on near-term strategic priorities this quarter:

◦The net interest margin, calculated on a tax-equivalent basis, expanded to 2.56% for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from 2.47% for the three months ended June 30, 2023. The net interest margin was 2.76% for the three months ended September 30, 2022.

◦Non-brokered deposits grew by $484 million and total deposits grew by $274 million during the three months ended September 30, 2023.

◦Non-interest bearing demand deposits grew by $52 million during the three months ended September 30, 2023, remaining consistent at 28% of total deposits at both September 30, 2023 and June 30, 2023, compared to 29% at December 31, 2022.

◦Residential loans declined by $225 million and securities declined by $257 million during the three months ended September 30, 2023, while our core C&I and commercial real estate portfolios grew by a net $147 million.

◦FHLB advances declined by $810 million during the three months ended September 30, 2023, as consistent with our strategy to re-position the balance sheet, cash flows from the residential and securities portfolios were used to pay down wholesale funding.

◦The loans to deposits ratio declined to 93.3% at September 30, 2023, from 95.3% at June 30, 2023.

◦We have maintained ample liquidity. Total same day available liquidity was $14.4 billion, the available liquidity to uninsured, uncollateralized deposits ratio was 161% and an estimated 66% of our deposits were insured or collateralized at September 30, 2023.

◦Our capital position remains robust. At September 30, 2023, CET1 increased to 11.4% at the holding company and 13.2% at the Bank. Pro-forma CET1 at the holding company and the Bank, including accumulated other comprehensive income, were 9.8% and 11.5%, respectively, at September 30, 2023.

•For the three months ended September 30, 2023, the provision for credit losses was $33.0 million compared to a provision of $15.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023. The ratio of the ACL to total loans increased to 0.80% at September 30, 2023, from 0.68% at June 30, 2023. The largest driver of the provision for credit losses and increase in the ACL for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was a less favorable economic forecast.

•The annualized net charge-off ratio for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was 0.07%. NPAs remained low, totaling $140.5 million at September 30, 2023 compared to $120.8 million at June 30, 2023. Most of the increase was in the franchise finance portfolio. The NPA ratio at September 30, 2023 was 0.40%, including 0.11% related to the guaranteed portion of non-performing SBA loans. At June 30, 2023 the NPA ratio was 0.34%, including 0.10% related to the guaranteed portion of non-performing SBA loans.

•Consistent with industry trends, rising interest rates and restrictive monetary policy contributed to an increase in the average cost of total deposits to 2.74% for the three months ended September 30, 2023 from 2.46% for the immediately preceding three months ended June 30, 2023. This increase of 0.28% was smaller than the 0.41% increase in the cost of deposits for the three months ended June 30, 2023, continuing the trend of a declining rate of increase in deposit costs. The yield on average interest earning assets increased to 5.52% for the three months ended September 30, 2023 from 5.30% for the immediately preceding three months ended June 30, 2023.

•Total loans declined by $274 million during the three months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to the $225 million decline in the residential segment.

•Commercial real estate exposure is modest. Commercial real estate loans totaled 23.5% of loans at September 30, 2023, representing 168% of the Bank's total risk-based capital. At September 30, 2023, the weighted average LTV of the CRE portfolio was 55.8% and the weighted average DSCR was 1.80. 58% of the portfolio was secured by collateral properties located in Florida and 25% was secured by properties located in the New York tri-state area.

•We remain committed to keeping the duration of our securities portfolio short; the duration of the available for sale securities portfolio was 2.02 at September 30, 2023. Held to maturity securities were not significant.

•Book value and tangible book value per common share were $33.92 and $32.88, respectively, at September 30, 2023, compared to $33.94 and $32.90, respectively, at June 30, 2023.

Results of Operations

Net Interest Income

Net interest income is the difference between interest earned on interest earning assets and interest incurred on interest bearing liabilities and is the primary driver of core earnings. Net interest income is impacted by the mix of interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities, the ratio of interest earning assets to total assets and of interest bearing liabilities to total funding sources, movements in market interest rates and monetary policy, the shape of the yield curve, levels of non-performing assets and pricing pressure from competitors.

The mix of interest earning assets is influenced by loan demand, market and competitive conditions in our primary lending markets, by management's continual assessment of the rate of return and relative risk associated with various classes of earning assets and liquidity considerations. The mix of funding sources is influenced by the Company's liquidity profile, management's assessment of the desire for lower cost funding sources weighed against relationships with customers and growth expectations, our ability to attract and retain core deposit relationships, competition for deposits in the Company's markets and the availability and pricing of other sources of funds. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the mix of funding sources and net interest margin were negatively impacted by the interest rate environment, the restrictive policy stance of the FRB which has led to increased competition for deposits, increased deposit costs and a decline in deposit levels across the banking industry, and deposit outflows related to events that impacted the banking sector in March 2023. These factors contributed to declines in average non-interest bearing demand deposits and to an increase in higher cost funding sources, including higher cost interest-bearing deposits and wholesale funding such as FHLB advances.

The following table presents, for the periods indicated, information about (i) average balances, the total dollar amount of taxable equivalent interest income from earning assets and the resultant average yields; (ii) average balances, the total dollar amount of interest expense on interest bearing liabilities and the resultant average rates; (iii) net interest income; (iv) the interest rate spread; and (v) the net interest margin. Non-accrual loans are included in the average balances presented in this table; however, interest income foregone on non-accrual loans is not included. Interest income, yields, spread and margin have been calculated on a tax-equivalent basis for loans and investment securities that are exempt from federal income taxes, at a federal tax rate of 21% (dollars in thousands):



	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023						Three Months Ended June 30, 2023						Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
	Average Balance		Interest (1)		Yield/ Rate (1)(2)		Average Balance		Interest (1)		Yield/ Rate (1)(2)		Average Balance		Interest (1)		Yield/ Rate (1)(2)
Assets:
Interest earning assets:
Loans	$	24,417,433	$	340,357	5.54	%	$	24,680,919	$	329,494	5.35	%	$	24,053,742	$	248,168	4.11	%
Investment securities (3)	9,034,116		123,794		5.48	%	9,369,019		121,520		5.19	%	9,981,486		77,840		3.12	%
Other interest earning assets	785,146		10,668		5.39	%	1,323,025		16,664		5.05	%	596,879		4,031		2.68	%
Total interest earning assets	34,236,695		474,819		5.52	%	35,372,963		467,678		5.30	%	34,632,107		330,039		3.80	%
Allowance for credit losses	(173,407)						(162,463)						(133,828)
Non-interest earning assets	1,747,310						1,744,693						1,703,371
Total assets	$	35,810,598					$	36,955,193					$	36,201,650
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity:
Interest bearing liabilities:
Interest bearing demand deposits	$	3,038,870	25,491		3.33	%	$	2,772,839	18,417		2.66	%	$	2,306,906	4,104		0.71	%
Savings and money market deposits	10,205,765		97,956		3.81	%	10,285,494		88,892		3.47	%	13,001,566		39,838		1.22	%
Time deposits	5,420,522		53,527		3.92	%	5,494,631		49,559		3.62	%	3,255,869		9,264		1.13	%
Total interest bearing deposits	18,665,157		176,974		3.76	%	18,552,964		156,868		3.39	%	18,564,341		53,206		1.14	%
Federal funds purchased	—		—		—	%	—		—		—	%	153,905		833		2.12	%
FHLB advances	6,040,870		69,525		4.57	%	7,288,187		83,429		4.59	%	4,739,457		26,890		2.25	%
Notes and other borrowings	715,307		9,198		5.14	%	719,368		9,246		5.14	%	721,164		9,259		5.14	%
Total interest bearing liabilities	25,421,334		255,697		3.99	%	26,560,519		249,543		3.77	%	24,178,867		90,188		1.48	%
Non-interest bearing demand deposits	6,937,537						7,067,053						8,749,794
Other non-interest bearing liabilities	868,178						798,279						697,440
Total liabilities	33,227,049						34,425,851						33,626,101
Stockholders' equity	2,583,549						2,529,342						2,575,549
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	35,810,598					$	36,955,193					$	36,201,650
Net interest income			$	219,122					$	218,135					$	239,851
Interest rate spread					1.53	%					1.53	%					2.32	%
Net interest margin					2.56	%					2.47	%					2.76	%

(1)On a tax-equivalent basis where applicable. The tax-equivalent adjustment for tax-exempt loans was $3.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, June 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022. The tax-equivalent adjustment for tax-exempt investment securities was $0.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and June 30, 2023, and $0.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022.

(2)Annualized.

(3)At fair value except for securities held to maturity.


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023						2022
	Average Balance		Interest (1)		Yield/ Rate (1)(2)			Average Balance		Interest (1)		Yield/ Rate (1)(2)
Assets:
Interest earning assets:
Loans	$	24,606,425	$	981,976	5.33	%		$	23,706,606	$	655,114	3.69	%
Investment securities (3)	9,356,211		364,980		5.20	%		10,180,351		177,047		2.32	%
Other interest earning assets	1,048,313		40,195		5.13	%		663,189		8,364		1.69	%
Total interest earning assets	35,010,949		1,387,151		5.29	%		34,550,146		840,525		3.25	%
Allowance for credit losses	(162,395)							(130,258)
Non-interest earning assets	1,761,500							1,682,618
Total assets	$	36,610,054						$	36,102,506
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity:
Interest bearing liabilities:
Interest bearing demand deposits	$	2,728,287	$	54,781	2.68	%		$	2,658,558	$	7,215	0.36	%
Savings and money market deposits	10,844,838		278,243		3.43	%		13,150,357		62,704		0.64	%
Time deposits	5,150,486		134,448		3.49	%		3,129,247		15,650		0.67	%
Total interest bearing deposits	18,723,611		467,472		3.34	%		18,938,162		85,569		0.60	%
Federal funds purchased	47,334		1,611		4.54	%		152,028		1,046		0.92	%
FHLB advances	6,596,465		220,993		4.48	%		3,796,484		44,680		1.57	%
Notes and other borrowings	718,507		27,706		5.14	%		721,283		27,772		5.13	%
Total interest bearing liabilities	26,085,917		717,782		3.68	%		23,607,957		159,067		0.90	%
Non-interest bearing demand deposits	7,152,362							9,071,135
Other non-interest bearing liabilities	829,464							650,936
Total liabilities	34,067,743							33,330,028
Stockholders' equity	2,542,311							2,772,478
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	36,610,054						$	36,102,506
Net interest income			$	669,369						$	681,458
Interest rate spread					1.61	%						2.35	%
Net interest margin					2.55	%						2.63	%

(1)On a tax-equivalent basis where applicable. The tax-equivalent adjustment for tax-exempt loans was $10.0 million and $9.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The tax-equivalent adjustment for tax-exempt investment securities was $2.8 million and $2.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

(2)Annualized

(3)At fair value except for securities held to maturity.

Three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the immediately preceding three months ended June 30, 2023

Net interest income, calculated on a tax-equivalent basis, was $219.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $218.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023, an increase of $1.0 million. The increase in net interest income was comprised of increases in tax-equivalent interest income and interest expense of $7.1 million and $6.1 million, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023. The net interest margin, calculated on a tax-equivalent basis, was 2.56% for the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to 2.47% for the three months ended June 30, 2023.

Factors impacting the net interest margin for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023 included:

•The tax-equivalent yield on loans increased to 5.54% for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from 5.35% for the three months ended June 30, 2023. The resetting of variable rate loans to higher coupon rates, paydown and maturities of lower rate loans and originations of new loans at higher rates contributed to the increase.

•The tax-equivalent yield on investment securities increased to 5.48% for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from 5.19% for the three months ended June 30, 2023. This increase resulted primarily from the reset of coupon rates on variable rate securities.

•The average rate paid on interest bearing deposits increased to 3.76% for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from 3.39% for the three months ended June 30, 2023, in response to the interest rate environment.

•The average rate paid on FHLB advances decreased to 4.57% for the three months ended September 30, 2023, from 4.59% for the three months ended June 30, 2023, primarily due to repayment of higher rate advances.

•The reduction in the proportion of total funding comprised of more expensive wholesale funding contributed to the increase in the net interest margin. Average non-interest bearing demand deposits also increased slightly as a percentage of total liabilities for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the immediately preceding three months ended June 30, 2023.

Three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022

Net interest income, calculated on a tax-equivalent basis, was $219.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $239.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, a decrease of $20.8 million. The decline in net interest income was comprised of increases in tax-equivalent interest income and interest expense of $144.8 million and $165.6 million, respectively.

Net interest income, calculated on a tax-equivalent basis, was $669.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $681.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, a decrease of $12.1 million, comprised of increases in tax-equivalent interest income and interest expense of $546.6 million and $558.7 million, respectively.

Increases in interest income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 reflected (i) increases in both the average balances of and yields on loans; (ii) rising yields on investment securities that more than offset declines in average balances; and (iii) to a lesser extent, higher yields on and average balances of other interest earning assets. Increased yields on average interest earning assets were mainly reflective of the increase in market interest rates, which impacted both coupon rate resets on existing floating rate assets and the rates on new assets added to the balance sheet. Increases in interest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 reflected primarily (i) an increase in the cost of interest-bearing deposits and (ii) increases in both the cost and average balance of FHLB advances.

The net interest margin, calculated on a tax-equivalent basis, was 2.56% and 2.55% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, compared to 2.76% and 2.63% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. Offsetting factors impacting the net interest margin for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 included:

•There was an unfavorable shift in the funding mix for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023 as compared to the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2022. For both comparative periods, non-interest bearing demand deposits declined as a percentage of total liabilities, while interest-bearing liabilities increased as a percentage of the total. Two significant factors impacting the decline in average non-interest bearing deposits were (i) rising residential mortgage rates and resultant lower levels of activity in the residential real estate sector led to a decline in balances in the title insurance industry vertical and (ii) depositors seeking higher yields in a high rate environment. Additionally, more expensive FHLB advances increased as a percentage of total interest bearing liabilities. In part, the increase in average FHLB advances reflected the impact on deposit flows of the events of March 2023. These trends began to reverse when comparing the quarter ended September 30, 2023 to the immediately preceding quarter, contributing to the quarter-over-quarter margin expansion discussed above.

•The tax-equivalent yield on loans expanded to 5.54% and 5.33% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, from 4.11% and 3.69% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. Factors contributing to these increases were the resetting of variable rate loans at higher coupon rates and originations of new loans at higher prevailing rates.

•The tax-equivalent yield on investment securities increased to 5.48% and 5.20% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, from 3.12% and 2.32% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. This increase resulted primarily from the reset of coupon rates on variable rate securities, purchases of higher-yielding securities, and paydowns and sales of lower-yielding securities.

•The average rate paid on interest bearing deposits increased to 3.76% and 3.34% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, from 1.14% and 0.60% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, primarily in response to the rising interest rate environment, tighter liquidity conditions and resulting competition for deposits.

•The average rate paid on FHLB advances increased to 4.57% and 4.48% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, from 2.25% and 1.57% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, primarily due to rising rates.

Provision for Credit Losses

The provision for credit losses is a charge or credit to earnings required to maintain the ACL at a level consistent with management’s estimate of expected credit losses on financial assets carried at amortized cost at the balance sheet date. The amount of the provision is impacted by changes in current economic conditions as well as in management's reasonable and supportable economic forecast, loan originations and runoff, changes in portfolio mix, risk rating migration and portfolio seasoning, changes in specific reserves, changes in expected prepayment speeds and other assumptions. The provision for credit losses also includes amounts related to off-balance sheet credit exposures and may include amounts related to accrued interest receivable and AFS debt securities.

The following table presents the components of the provision for credit losses for the periods indicated (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Amount related to funded portion of loans	$	30,877	$	2,753	$	62,667	$	33,406
Amount related to off-balance sheet credit exposures	2,172		967		5,687		2,267
Other	—		—		—		(127)

Total provision for credit losses	$	33,049	$	3,720	$	68,354	$	35,546

The most significant factor impacting the provision for credit losses for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was a deteriorating economic forecast. Risk rating migration, including changes in certain specific reserves, also impacted the provision as did, for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, increases in certain qualitative factors.

The provision for credit losses may be volatile and the level of the ACL may change materially from current levels. Future levels of the ACL could be significantly impacted, in either direction, by changes in factors such as, but not limited to, economic conditions or the economic outlook, the composition of the loan portfolio, the financial condition of our borrowers and collateral values.

The determination of the amount of the ACL is complex and involves a high degree of judgment and subjectivity. See “Analysis of the Allowance for Credit Losses” below for more information about how we determine the appropriate level of the ACL and about factors that impacted the ACL and provision for credit losses.

Non-Interest Income

The following table presents a comparison of the categories of non-interest income for the periods indicated (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Deposit service charges and fees	$	5,402	$	6,064	$	16,296	$	17,920






Gain (loss) on investment securities:
Net realized gain on sale of securities AFS	215		349		1,814		3,927
Net gain (loss) on marketable equity securities recognized in earnings	672		(214)		(12,483)		(20,052)
Gain (loss) on investment securities, net	887		135		(10,669)		(16,125)
Lease financing	16,531		13,180		42,159		39,958
Other non-interest income	4,904		3,693		21,960		9,070
	$	27,724	$	23,072	$	69,746	$	50,823

The losses on marketable equity securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were attributable to losses related to certain preferred equity investments.

The most significant factor leading to the increase in other non-interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022, was an increase in BOLI income, particularly as related to the BOLI assets supporting our deferred compensation plan.

Non-Interest Expense

The following table presents the components of non-interest expense for the periods indicated (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Employee compensation and benefits	$	68,825	$	66,097	$	207,290	$	195,646
Occupancy and equipment	10,890		11,719		32,735		34,630
Deposit insurance expense	7,790		4,398		23,294		11,794
Professional fees	2,696		3,184		9,132		8,702
Technology	19,193		19,813		61,356		54,715

Depreciation of operating lease equipment	11,217		12,646		33,970		37,841

Other non-interest expense	26,479		20,248		77,311		48,503
Total non-interest expense	$	147,090	$	138,105	$	445,088	$	391,831

Year-over-year increases in employee compensation and benefits and technology reflected labor market dynamics and continuing investment in people and technology to support future growth.

Increases in deposit insurance expense were primarily attributable to an increase in the assessment rate. Deposit insurance expense may be elevated in the future as a result of a special assessment that was proposed by the FDIC in May 2023. The proposal would assess a 12.5 basis point annual special assessment on the Bank's uninsured deposits as reported in the Call Report at December 31, 2022, excluding the first $5 billion of uninsured deposits, and would be in place for two years. The Bank reported $18.2 billion of uninsured deposits on its December 31, 2022 Call Report. If the special assessment is levied as proposed, we expect the amount of the assessment to total approximately $33 million; the entire assessment is expected to be reflected in earnings in the period it is finalized and levied.

The most significant factor impacting the increase in other non-interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was costs related to certain depositor rebate and commission programs, some of which are correlated with changes in interest rates. See Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements for more information about these costs.

Income Taxes

See Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements for information about income taxes.

Analysis of Financial Condition

At September 30, 2023 compared to June 30, 2023, securities declined by $257 million and total loans declined by $274 million while deposits grew by $274 million. FHLB advances declined by a corresponding $810 million. Within the overall decline in loans, residential declined by $225 million while the core C&I and CRE segments grew by a net combined $147 million. These trends reflected a number of management's near-term strategic priorities including growth in core deposits, improving the asset mix and reducing wholesale funding levels.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022, average total deposits declined by $2.1 billion, with non-interest bearing demand deposits declining by $1.9 billion. Average other interest earning assets (primarily cash held at the FRB) increased by $0.4 billion. Correspondingly, average FHLB advances and Fed Funds purchased grew by a net $2.7 billion. The year-over-year decline in average total deposits, particularly average non-interest bearing demand deposits, reflected the impact on the title insurance industry vertical of lower levels of activity in the residential mortgage sector brought on by rising mortgage rates, and was also consistent with broader industry deposit trends evidencing restrictive monetary policy. Average interest bearing demand, money market and savings deposits declined by an aggregate $2.2 billion, largely reflecting deposit outflows following the events of March 2023 and average time deposits grew by $2.0 billion. The increase in average levels of cash held at the FRB was a response to the events of March 2023. Shifts in deposit mix also reflected customers seeking higher yields on their cash balances. Average loans grew by $0.9 billion and average investment securities declined by $0.8 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

The unfavorable trends in funding mix evidenced in the comparison of the nine months ended September 30, 2023 to the nine months ended September 30, 2022 began to reverse during the three months ended September 30, 2023 as average non-interest bearing demand deposits increased slightly as a percentage of total liabilities compared to the immediately preceding quarter, and FHLB advances declined to 23.8% from 27.4% of interest bearing liabilities.

Investment Securities

The following table shows the amortized cost and carrying value, which, with the exception of investment securities held to maturity, is fair value, of investment securities at the dates indicated (in thousands):



	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Amortized Cost		Carrying Value		Amortized Cost		Carrying Value
U.S. Treasury securities	$	119,480	$	106,605	$	148,956	$	135,841
U.S. Government agency and sponsored enterprise residential MBS	1,979,751		1,932,458		2,036,693		1,983,168
U.S. Government agency and sponsored enterprise commercial MBS	572,284		491,840		600,517		525,094

Private label residential MBS and CMOs	2,643,718		2,290,325		2,864,589		2,530,663
Private label commercial MBS	2,351,312		2,256,329		2,645,168		2,524,354
Single family real estate-backed securities	418,422		393,464		502,194		470,441
Collateralized loan obligations	1,059,953		1,047,812		1,166,838		1,136,463
Non-mortgage asset-backed securities	108,360		104,344		102,194		95,976
State and municipal obligations	107,873		97,235		122,181		116,661
SBA securities	113,884		110,655		139,320		135,782

Investment securities held to maturity	10,000		10,000		10,000		10,000
	$	9,485,037	8,841,067		$	10,338,650	9,664,443
Marketable equity securities			45,417				90,884
			$	8,886,484			$	9,755,327

Our investment strategy has focused on ensuring adequate liquidity, maintaining a suitable balance of high credit quality, diverse assets, managing interest rate risk, and generating acceptable returns given our established risk parameters. We have sought to maintain liquidity by investing a significant portion of the portfolio in high quality liquid securities including U.S. Treasury and U.S. Government Agency and sponsored enterprise securities. Investment grade municipal securities provide liquidity and attractive tax-equivalent yields. We have also invested in highly-rated structured products, including private-label commercial and residential MBS, collateralized loan obligations, single family real estate-backed securities and non-mortgage asset-backed securities that, while somewhat less liquid, are generally pledgeable at either the FHLB or the FRB and provide us with attractive yields. We remain committed to keeping the duration of our securities portfolio short; relatively short effective portfolio duration helps mitigate interest rate risk. Based on the Company’s assumptions, the estimated weighted average life of the investment portfolio as of September 30, 2023 was 5.5 years and the effective duration of the investment portfolio was 2.03.

The investment securities AFS portfolio was in a net unrealized loss position of $644.0 million at September 30, 2023, compared to a net unrealized loss position of $674.2 million at December 31, 2022, improving by $30.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Net unrealized losses at September 30, 2023 included $2.9 million of gross unrealized gains and $646.9 million of gross unrealized losses. Investment securities available for sale in unrealized loss positions at September 30, 2023 had an aggregate fair value of $8.5 billion. The unrealized losses resulted primarily from rising interest rates and widening spreads related to the Federal Reserve's restrictive monetary policy and benchmark interest rate increases. Continuing uncertainty with respect to the trajectory of the economy has also led to market uncertainty, producing some yield curve dislocations. None of the unrealized losses were attributable to credit loss impairments.

The ratings distribution of our AFS securities portfolio at the dates indicated are depicted in the charts below:


September 30, 2023						December 31, 2022

We evaluate the credit quality of individual securities in the portfolio quarterly to determine whether we expect to recover the amortized cost basis of the investments in unrealized loss positions. This evaluation considers, but is not necessarily limited to, the following factors, the relative significance of which varies depending on the circumstances pertinent to each individual security:

•Whether we intend to sell the security prior to recovery of its amortized cost basis;

•Whether it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security prior to recovery of its amortized cost basis;

•The extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost;

•Adverse conditions specifically related to the security, an industry or geographic area;

•Changes in the financial condition of the issuer or underlying loan obligors;

•The payment structure and remaining payment terms of the security, including levels of subordination or over-collateralization;

•Failure of the issuer to make scheduled payments;

•Changes in credit ratings;

•Relevant market data; and

•Estimated prepayments, defaults, and the value and performance of underlying collateral at the individual security level.

We regularly engage with bond managers to monitor trends in underlying collateral, including potential downgrades and subsequent cash flow diversions, liquidity, ratings migration, and any other relevant developments.

We do not intend to sell securities in significant unrealized loss positions at September 30, 2023. Based on an assessment of our liquidity position and internal and regulatory guidelines for permissible investments and concentrations, it is not more likely than not that we will be required to sell securities in significant unrealized loss positions prior to recovery of amortized cost basis, which may be at maturity. While recent events impacting the banking sector have impacted the liquidity profile of many banks, including BankUnited, the substantial majority of our investment securities are pledgeable at either the FHLB or FRB. We have not sold, and do not anticipate the need to sell, securities in unrealized loss positions to generate liquidity.

The following table presents subordination levels and average internal stress scenario losses for select non-agency portfolio segments at September 30, 2023:


				Subordination			Weighted Average Stress Scenario Loss
	Rating	Percent of Total		Minimum	Maximum	Average
Private label CMBS	AAA	85.4	%	30.0	97.4	44.0	6.2
	AA	10.3	%	29.4	96.8	37.8	7.0
	A	4.3	%	25.1	75.2	44.8	8.3
Weighted average		100.0	%	29.8	96.3	43.4	6.4

CLOs	AAA	80.0	%	38.8	69.6	47.0	10.9
	AA	16.2	%	31.2	44.3	36.4	9.1
	A	3.8	%	29.5	32.7	30.7	10.0
Weighted average		100.0	%	37.2	64.1	44.7	10.6

Private label residential MBS and CMO	AAA	94.0	%	3.0	90.5	17.7	2.3
	AA	4.2	%	19.9	34.0	24.5	5.3
	A	1.8	%	26.4	27.4	26.9	5.4
Weighted average		100.0	%	4.1	87.0	18.1	2.5

For further discussion of our analysis of impaired investment securities AFS for credit loss impairment, see Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements.

We use third-party pricing services to assist us in estimating the fair value of investment securities. We perform a variety of procedures to ensure that we have a thorough understanding of the methodologies and assumptions used by the pricing services including obtaining and reviewing written documentation of the methods and assumptions employed, conducting interviews with valuation desk personnel and reviewing model results and detailed assumptions used to value selected securities as considered necessary. Our classification of prices within the fair value hierarchy is based on an evaluation of the nature of the significant assumptions impacting the valuation of each type of security in the portfolio. We have established a robust price challenge process that includes a review by our treasury front office of all prices provided on a monthly basis. Any price evidencing unexpected month over month fluctuations or deviations from our expectations based on recent observed trading activity and other information available in the marketplace that would impact the value of the security is challenged. Responses to the price challenges, which generally include specific information about inputs and assumptions incorporated in the valuation and their sources, are reviewed in detail. If considered necessary to resolve any discrepancies, a price will be obtained from additional independent valuation sources. We do not typically adjust the prices provided, other than through this established challenge process. Our primary pricing services utilize observable inputs when available, and employ unobservable inputs and proprietary models only when observable inputs are not available. As a matter of course, the services validate prices by comparison to recent trading activity whenever such activity exists. Quotes obtained from the pricing services are typically non-binding.

The majority of our investment securities are classified within level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. U.S. Treasury securities and marketable equity securities are classified within level 1 of the hierarchy.

For additional discussion of the fair values of investment securities, see Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements.

The following table shows the weighted average prospective yields, categorized by scheduled maturity, for AFS investment securities as of September 30, 2023. Scheduled maturities have been adjusted for anticipated prepayments when applicable. Yields on tax-exempt securities have been calculated on a tax-equivalent basis, based on a federal income tax rate of 21%:


	Within One Year		After One Year Through Five Years		After Five Years Through Ten Years		After Ten Years		Total

U.S. Treasury securities	1.02	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	1.02	%
U.S. Government agency and sponsored enterprise residential MBS	5.61	%	5.77	%	5.86	%	5.42	%	5.74	%
U.S. Government agency and sponsored enterprise commercial MBS	4.71	%	5.68	%	3.72	%	2.38	%	3.97	%
Private label residential MBS and CMOs	3.94	%	3.89	%	3.81	%	3.99	%	3.91	%
Private label commercial MBS	6.36	%	7.00	%	2.80	%	3.31	%	6.64	%
Single family real estate-backed securities	4.99	%	3.63	%	1.36	%	—	%	3.96	%
Collateralized loan obligations	7.22	%	7.51	%	7.83	%	—	%	7.49	%
Non-mortgage asset-backed securities	3.04	%	5.75	%	6.03	%	—	%	5.64	%
State and municipal obligations	2.99	%	4.17	%	4.56	%	3.99	%	4.20	%
SBA securities	6.10	%	6.01	%	5.87	%	5.67	%	6.00	%

	5.07	%	6.11	%	4.40	%	3.90	%	5.45	%

Loans

The loan portfolio comprises the Company’s primary interest-earning asset. The following table shows the composition of the loan portfolio at the dates indicated (dollars in thousands):


	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Total		Percent of Total		Total		Percent of Total
1-4 single family residential	$	6,982,832	28.7	%	$	7,128,834	28.6	%
Government insured residential	1,397,736		5.7	%	1,771,880		7.1	%
Non-owner occupied commercial real estate	5,296,784		21.7	%	5,405,597		21.7	%
Construction and land	445,273		1.8	%	294,360		1.2	%
Owner occupied commercial real estate	1,851,246		7.6	%	1,890,813		7.6	%
Commercial and industrial	6,658,010		27.4	%	6,417,721		25.9	%

Pinnacle - municipal finance	900,199		3.7	%	912,122		3.7	%
Franchise finance	196,745		0.8	%	253,774		1.0	%
Equipment finance	219,874		0.9	%	286,147		1.1	%
Mortgage warehouse lending	407,577		1.7	%	524,740		2.1	%
Total loans	24,356,276		100.0	%	24,885,988		100.0	%
Allowance for credit losses	(196,063)				(147,946)
Loans, net	$	24,160,213			$	24,738,042

Commercial loans and leases

Commercial loans include a diverse portfolio of commercial and industrial loans and lines of credit, loans secured by owner-occupied commercial real-estate, income-producing non-owner occupied commercial real estate, a smaller amount of construction and land loans, SBA loans, mortgage warehouse lines of credit, municipal loans and leases originated by Pinnacle and franchise and equipment finance loans and leases originated by Bridge. Management intends to increasingly emphasize the origination of relationship-based loans that are accompanied by deposit business.

The following charts present the distribution of the commercial loan portfolio at the dates indicated (dollars in millions):


September 30, 2023						December 31, 2022

Commercial real estate loans include term loans secured by non-owner occupied income producing properties including rental apartments, industrial properties, retail shopping centers, free-standing single-tenant buildings, medical and other office buildings, warehouse facilities, hotels and real estate secured lines of credit. The Company’s commercial real estate underwriting standards most often provide for loan terms of five to seven years, with amortization schedules of no more than thirty years.

The following tables present the distribution of commercial real estate loans by property type, along with weighted average DSCRs and LTVs at September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):



	Amortized Cost		Percent of Total		FL		New York Tri State		Other		Weighted Average DSCR	Weighted Average LTV
Office	$	1,830,978	32	%	58	%	24	%	18	%	1.69	64.1	%
Warehouse/Industrial	1,260,750		21	%	58	%	9	%	33	%	1.98	51.6	%
Multifamily	830,572		14	%	48	%	52	%	—	%	1.97	45.1	%
Retail	846,077		15	%	58	%	25	%	17	%	1.65	60.4	%
Hotel	431,883		8	%	80	%	4	%	16	%	2.08	49.8	%
Construction and Land	445,273		8	%	55	%	43	%	2	%	N/A	N/A
Other	96,524		2	%	75	%	11	%	14	%	2.08	47.3	%
	$	5,742,057	100	%	58	%	25	%	17	%	1.80	55.8	%


	Florida			NY Tri State
	Weighted Average DSCR	Weighted Average LTV		Weighted Average DSCR	Weighted Average LTV
Office	1.74	64.9	%	1.57	58.5	%
Warehouse/Industrial	2.12	50.7	%	1.81	38.0	%
Multifamily	2.74	42.0	%	1.26	48.1	%
Retail	1.82	57.8	%	1.24	65.0	%
Hotel	2.17	47.6	%	1.99	21.6	%
Other	2.30	44.2	%	1.13	72.6	%
	2.00	55.2	%	1.40	52.6	%

Geographic distribution in the tables above is based on location of the underlying collateral property. LTVs and DSCRs are based on the most recent available information; if current appraisals are not available, LTVs are adjusted by our models based on current and forecasted sub-market dynamics. DSCRs are calculated based on current contractually required payments, which in some cases may be interest only.

The following table presents the maturity profile of the CRE portfolio over the next 12 months by property type at September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):


	Maturing in the Next 12 Months		% Maturing in the Next 12 Months		Fixed Rate or Swapped Maturing Next 12 Months		Fixed Rate to Borrower as a % of Total Portfolio
Office	$	337,996	18	%	$	234,461	13	%
Warehouse/Industrial	81,334		6	%	69,141		5	%
Multifamily	80,732		10	%	34,332		4	%
Retail	154,344		18	%	81,676		10	%
Hotel	39,989		9	%	14,482		3	%
Construction and Land	133,522		30	%	235		—	%
Other	25,774		27	%	25,774		27	%
	$	853,691	15	%	$	460,101	8	%

The following table presents scheduled maturities of the CRE portfolio by property type at September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):


	2023		2024		2025		2026		Thereafter		Total
Office	$	171,799	$	235,284	$	406,159	$	338,804	$	678,932	$	1,830,978
Warehouse/Industrial	39,355		113,208		156,167		369,979		582,041		1,260,750
Multifamily	3,033		111,265		80,053		188,718		447,503		830,572
Retail	70,452		105,539		140,371		203,397		326,318		846,077
Hotel	25,902		17,518		44,744		218,602		125,117		431,883
Construction and Land	683		175,090		101,427		51,573		116,500		445,273
Other	12,868		12,906		7,144		27,345		36,261		96,524
	$	324,092	$	770,810	$	936,065	$	1,398,418	$	2,312,672	$	5,742,057

The office segment totaled $1.8 billion at September 30, 2023. The following charts present the sub-market geographic distribution of the office CRE portfolio within the NY Tri-State and Florida markets at September 30, 2023:


NY Tri-State by Sub-Market						Florida by Sub-Market

The New York Tri-State market encompasses approximately 24% of the office segment, with 11%, or $197 million of total office exposure in Manhattan. As of September 30, 2023, the Manhattan portfolio was approximately 95% occupied with 5% rent rollover expected in the next twelve months. Substantially all of the Florida office portfolio is suburban.

Office loans not secured by properties in Florida or the New York tri-state area comprise 18% of the segment and exhibit no particular geographic concentration. Many of these loans were made to high quality sponsors in our NY tri-state or FL customer base. Estimated rent rollover of the office portfolio in the next 12 months is approximately 11% of the portfolio. Approximately 17% is secured by medical office buildings. Non-performing office loans were insignificant at September 30, 2023, totaling approximately $300 thousand. Office loans rated below pass at September 30, 2023 totaled $90 million, a slight decrease from December 31, 2022 levels.

Commercial and industrial loans are typically made to small, middle market and larger corporate businesses and not-for-profit entities and include equipment loans, secured and unsecured working capital facilities, formula-based loans, subscription finance lines of credit, trade finance, SBA product offerings, business acquisition finance credit facilities, credit facilities to institutional real estate entities such as REITs and commercial real estate investment funds, and a small amount of commercial credit cards. These loans may be structured as term loans, typically with maturities of five to seven years, or revolving lines of credit which may have multi-year maturities. In addition to financing provided by Pinnacle, the Bank provides financing to state and local governmental entities generally within our geographic markets. Commercial loans included loans meeting the regulatory definition of shared national credits totaling $4.8 billion at September 30, 2023, a substantial portion of which were relationship based loans to borrowers in our primary geographic footprint. The Bank makes loans secured by owner-occupied commercial real estate that typically have risk profiles more closely aligned with that of commercial and industrial loans than with other types of commercial real estate loans.

The following table presents the exposure in the C&I portfolio by industry, at September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):



	Amortized Cost		Percent of Total
Finance and Insurance	$	1,612,235	19.0	%
Manufacturing	827,910		9.8	%
Educational Services	709,376		8.3	%
Utilities	635,637		7.5	%
Wholesale Trade	628,625		7.4	%
Information	577,753		6.8	%
Health Care and Social Assistance	540,175		6.3	%
Real Estate and Rental and Leasing	507,752		6.0	%
Transportation and Warehousing	401,888		4.7	%
Construction	383,145		4.5	%
Retail Trade	301,397		3.5	%
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services	287,656		3.4	%
Public Administration	248,634		2.9	%
Other Services (except Public Administration)	239,421		2.8	%
Administrative and Support and Waste Management	197,729		2.3	%
Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation	190,760		2.2	%
Accommodation and Food Services	149,898		1.8	%
Other	69,265		0.8	%
	$	8,509,256	100.0	%

Through its commercial lending subsidiaries, Pinnacle and Bridge, the Bank provides equipment and franchise financing on a national basis using both loan and lease structures. Pinnacle provides essential-use equipment financing to state and local governmental entities directly and through vendor programs and alliances. Pinnacle offers a full array of financing structures including equipment lease purchase agreements and direct (private placement) bond re-fundings and loan agreements. Bridge has two operating divisions. The franchise finance division offers franchise acquisition, expansion and equipment financing, typically to experienced operators in well-established concepts. The franchise finance portfolio is made up primarily of quick service restaurant and fitness concepts comprising 42% and 53% of the portfolio, respectively. The equipment finance division provides primarily transportation equipment financing through a variety of loan and lease structures.

Geographic Concentrations

The Company's commercial and commercial real estate portfolios are concentrated in Florida and the Tri-state area. 58% and 25% of commercial real estate loans were secured by collateral located in Florida and the Tri-state area, respectively; while 32% and 27% of all other commercial loans, including Pinnacle and Bridge, were to borrowers in Florida and the Tri-state area, respectively.

Residential mortgages

The following table shows the composition of residential loans at the dates indicated (in thousands):


	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022

1-4 single family residential	$	6,982,832	$	7,128,834
Government insured residential	1,397,736		1,771,880

	$	8,380,568	$	8,900,714

The 1-4 single family residential loan portfolio, excluding government insured residential loans, is primarily comprised of prime jumbo loans purchased through established correspondent channels. 1-4 single family residential mortgage loans are primarily closed-end, first lien jumbo mortgages for the purchase or re-finance of owner occupied property. The loans have terms ranging from 10 to 30 years, with either fixed or adjustable interest rates. At September 30, 2023, $1.1 billion or 16% were secured by investor-owned properties.

The Company acquires non-performing FHA and VA insured mortgages from third party servicers who have exercised their right to purchase these loans out of GNMA securitizations (collectively, "government insured pool buyout loans" or "buyout loans"). Buyout loans that re-perform, either through modification or self-cure, may be eligible for re-securitization. The Company and the servicer share in the economics of the sale of these loans into new securitizations. The balance of buyout loans totaled $1.4 billion at September 30, 2023. The Company is not the servicer of these loans.

The following charts present the distribution of the 1-4 single family residential mortgage portfolio at the dates indicated:


September 30, 2023						December 31, 2022

The following table presents the five states with the largest geographic concentrations of 1-4 single family residential loans, excluding government insured residential loans, at the dates indicated (dollars in thousands):


	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022

	Total		Percent of Total		Total		Percent of Total
California	$	2,200,295	31.5	%	$	2,274,432	31.9	%
New York	1,367,309		19.6	%	1,417,707		19.9	%
Florida	512,430		7.3	%	521,479		7.3	%
Illinois	361,199		5.2	%	360,529		5.1	%
Virginia	314,020		4.5	%	314,530		4.4	%
Others	2,227,579		31.9	%	2,240,157		31.4	%
	$	6,982,832	100.0	%	$	7,128,834	100.0	%

Operating lease equipment, net

Operating lease equipment, net of accumulated depreciation, totaled $460 million at September 30, 2023, including off-lease equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $48 million.

The chart below presents operating lease equipment by type at the dates indicated:


September 30, 2023						December 31, 2022

Bridge had exposure to the energy industry of $216 million at September 30, 2023. The majority of the energy exposure was in the operating lease equipment portfolio where energy exposure totaled $191 million, consisting primarily of railcars serving the petroleum industry.

Asset Quality

Commercial Loans

We have a robust credit risk management framework, an experienced team to lead the workout and recovery process for the commercial and commercial real estate portfolios and a dedicated internal credit review function. Loan performance is monitored by our credit administration, portfolio management and workout and recovery departments. Risk ratings are updated continuously; generally, commercial relationships with balances in excess of defined thresholds are re-evaluated at least annually and more frequently if circumstances indicate that a change in risk rating may be warranted. The defined thresholds range from $1 million to $3 million. Homogenous groups of smaller balance commercial loans may be monitored collectively. The credit quality and risk rating of commercial loans as well as our underwriting and portfolio management practices are regularly reviewed by our internal independent credit review department.

We believe internal risk rating is the best indicator of the credit quality of commercial loans. The Company utilizes a 16-grade internal asset risk classification system as part of its efforts to monitor and maintain commercial asset quality. The special mention rating is considered a transitional rating for loans exhibiting potential credit weaknesses that could result in deterioration of repayment prospects at some future date if not checked or corrected and that deserve management’s close attention. These borrowers may exhibit declining cash flows or revenues or increasing leverage. Loans with well-defined credit weaknesses that may result in a loss if the deficiencies are not corrected are assigned a risk rating of substandard. These borrowers may exhibit payment defaults, inadequate cash flows from current operations, operating losses, increasing balance sheet leverage, project cost overruns, unreasonable construction delays, exhausted interest reserves, declining collateral values, frequent overdrafts or past due real estate taxes. Loans with weaknesses so severe that collection in full is highly questionable

or improbable, but because of certain reasonably specific pending factors have not been charged off, are assigned an internal risk rating of doubtful.

The following table summarizes the Company's commercial credit exposure, based on internal risk rating, at the dates indicated (dollars in thousands):


	September 30, 2023				June 30, 2023				December 31, 2022

	Amortized Cost		Percent of Commercial Loans		Amortized Cost		Percent of Commercial Loans		Amortized Cost		Percent of Commercial Loans
Pass	$	14,983,781	93.9	%	$	15,169,909	94.6	%	$	15,244,761	95.4	%
Special mention	341,999		2.1	%	233,004		1.5	%	51,433		0.3	%
Substandard accruing	534,336		3.3	%	525,643		3.3	%	605,965		3.8	%
Substandard non-accruing	96,248		0.6	%	80,642		0.5	%	75,125		0.5	%
Doubtful	19,344		0.1	%	14,954		0.1	%	7,990		—	%
	$	15,975,708	100.0	%	$	16,024,152	100.0	%	$	15,985,274	100.0	%

The following table provides additional information about special mention and substandard accruing loans, at the dates indicated (dollars in thousands). Non-performing loans are discussed further in the section entitled "Non-performing Assets" below.



	September 30, 2023				June 30, 2023	December 31, 2022
	Amortized Cost		% of Loan Segment				Amortized Cost		% of Loan Segment		Amortized Cost		% of Loan Segment
Special mention:
CRE
Hotel	$	184	—	%			$	186	—	%	$	709	0.2	%
Retail	2,120		0.3	%			2,135		0.2	%	—		—	%

Office	17,733		1.0	%			21,682		1.1	%	18,006		1.0	%

Construction and land	42,044		9.4	%			—		—	%	—		—	%
Other	12,868		13.3	%			—		—	%	—		—	%
	74,949						24,003				18,715
Owner occupied commercial real estate	20,011		1.1	%			20,264		1.1	%	24,101		1.3	%
Commercial and industrial	244,688		3.7	%			184,183		2.8	%	1,017		—	%

Franchise finance	2,351		1.2	%			4,554		2.2	%	7,600		3.0	%

	$	341,999					$	233,004			$	51,433

Substandard accruing:
CRE
Hotel	$	40,062	9.3	%			$	40,009	10.0	%	$	14,538	3.6	%
Retail	57,347		6.8	%			67,075		7.5	%	72,421		8.4	%
Multi-family	100,086		12.1	%			108,728		12.9	%	146,235		15.5	%
Office	71,682		3.9	%			72,100		3.9	%	73,042		3.9	%

Construction and land	317		0.1	%			2,585		0.7	%	8,872		3.0	%
Other	2,783		2.9	%			90		0.1	%	93		0.1	%
	272,277						290,587				315,201
Owner occupied commercial real estate	78,590		4.2	%			84,453		4.6	%	73,501		3.9	%
Commercial and industrial	127,973		1.9	%			90,143		1.4	%	171,613		2.7	%

Franchise finance	25,024		12.7	%			44,354		21.3	%	44,295		17.5	%
Equipment finance	30,472		13.9	%			16,106		6.8	%	1,355		0.5	%

	$	534,336					$	525,643			$	605,965

Operating Lease Equipment, net

Operating leases with a carrying value of assets under lease totaling $23 million were internally risk rated substandard at September 30, 2023. On a quarterly basis, management performs an impairment analysis on assets with indicators of potential impairment. Potential impairment indicators include evidence of changes in residual value, macro-economic conditions, an extended period of time off-lease, criticized or classified status, or management's intention to sell the asset at an amount potentially below its carrying value. There were no impairment charges recognized during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

Residential Loans

Our residential mortgage portfolio, excluding GNMA buyout loans, consists primarily of prime jumbo loans purchased through established correspondent channels. Most of our purchases are of performing jumbo mortgage loans which have FICO scores above 700, primarily are owner-occupied and full documentation, and have a current LTV of 80% or less although loans with LTVs higher than 80% may be extended to selected credit-worthy borrowers. We perform due diligence on the purchased loans for credit, compliance, counterparty, payment history and property valuation.

We have a dedicated residential credit risk management function, and the residential portfolio is monitored by our internal credit review function. Residential mortgage loans are not individually risk rated. Delinquency status is the primary measure we use to monitor the credit quality of these loans. We also consider original LTV and most recently available FICO score to be significant indicators of credit quality for the 1-4 single family residential portfolio, excluding government insured residential loans.

The following charts present information about the 1-4 single family residential portfolio, excluding government insured loans, by FICO distribution, LTV distribution and vintage at September 30, 2023:

FICO Distribution

LTV Distribution

Vintage

FICO scores are generally updated semi-annually and were most recently updated in the third quarter of 2023. LTVs are typically based on valuation at origination since we do not routinely update residential appraisals.

At September 30, 2023, the majority of the 1-4 single family residential loan portfolio, excluding government insured residential loans, was owner-occupied, with 79% primary residence, 5% second homes and 16% investment properties.

1-4 single family residential loans excluding government insured residential loans past due more than 30 days totaled $44 million and $62 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The amount of these loans 90 days or more past due was $14 million and $15 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements presents additional information about key credit quality indicators and delinquency status of the loan portfolio.

Stress Testing Results

The majority of our commercial portfolio is subject to quarterly stress test analysis. We continually re-evaluate our stress testing framework and adapt it to evolving macro-economic conditions as necessary. On an annual basis, we also run a rigorous stress test of our entire balance sheet incorporating the FRB's severely adverse CCAR scenario as well as additional idiosyncratic scenarios reflective of evolving macro-economic themes. The latest stress test incorporating the FRB's CCAR severely adverse scenario was performed during the second quarter of 2023.

The following charts summarize the results of this stress test. Additionally, we present stress results for the CRE portfolio based on the Moody's S4 recessionary scenario (dollars in millions):

Total Loan Portfolio Stress Test Results(1)

https://cdn.kscope.io/49ade9c1810640fa220a50f6b686487e-ST 1.jpg

CRE Portfolio Stress Test Results(2)

https://cdn.kscope.io/49ade9c1810640fa220a50f6b686487e-ST2.jpg

(1)Excludes Pinnacle municipal finance and mortgage warehouse lending.

(2)Construction loans are included in the chart based on their applicable property type.

Non-Performing Assets

Non-performing assets generally consist of (i) non-accrual loans, (ii) accruing loans that are more than 90 days contractually past due as to interest or principal, excluding PCD loans for which management has a reasonable basis for an expectation about future cash flows and government insured residential loans, and (iii) OREO and other non-performing assets.

The following table and charts summarize the Company's non-performing loans and non-performing assets at the dates indicated (dollars in thousands):


	September 30, 2023			June 30, 2023			December 31, 2022

Non-accrual loans:



Residential	$	20,707		$	22,534		$	21,311
Commercial:
Non-owner occupied commercial real estate	16,987			16,778			16,657
Construction and land	—			655			5,695
Owner occupied commercial real estate	14,606			11,562			17,751
Commercial and industrial	66,106			62,647			29,722

Franchise finance	17,893			3,954			13,290

Total commercial loans	115,592			95,596			83,115
Total non-accrual loans	136,299			118,130			104,426
Loans past due 90 days and still accruing	593			593			593
Total non-performing loans	136,892			118,723			105,019
OREO and other non-performing assets	3,586			2,084			1,932
Total non-performing assets	$	140,478		$	120,807		$	106,951

Non-performing loans to total loans (1)	0.56		%	0.48		%	0.42		%
Non-performing assets to total assets (1)	0.40		%	0.34		%	0.29		%
ACL to total loans	0.80		%	0.68		%	0.59		%
ACL to non-performing loans	143.22		%	140.52		%	140.88		%
Net charge-offs to average loans (2)	0.07		%	0.09		%	0.22		%

(1) Non-performing loans and assets include the guaranteed portion of non-accrual SBA loans totaling $37.8 million or 0.16% of total loans and 0.11% of total assets, at September 30, 2023, $35.9 million or 0.15% of total loans and 0.10% of total assets, at June 30, 2023, and $40.3 million or 0.16% of total loans and 0.11% of total assets, at December 31, 2022.

(2) Annualized for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Contractually delinquent government insured residential loans are typically GNMA early buyout loans and are excluded from non-performing loans as defined in the table above due to their government guarantee. The carrying value of such loans contractually delinquent by 90 days or more was $314 million and $493 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Commercial loans are placed on non-accrual status when (i) management has determined that full repayment of all contractual principal and interest is in doubt, or (ii) the loan is past due 90 days or more as to principal or interest unless the loan is well secured and in the process of collection. Residential loans, other than government insured pool buyout loans, are generally placed on non-accrual status when they are 60 days past due. Additionally, certain residential loans not contractually delinquent but in forbearance may be placed on non-accrual status at management's discretion. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, uncollected interest accrued is reversed and charged to interest income. Commercial loans are returned to accrual status only after all past due principal and interest has been collected and full repayment of remaining contractual principal and interest is reasonably assured. Residential loans are generally returned to accrual status when less than 90 days past due. Past due status of loans is determined based on the contractual next payment due date. Loans less than 30 days past due are reported as current.

Loss Mitigation Strategies

Criticized or classified commercial loans in excess of certain thresholds are reviewed quarterly by the Criticized Asset Committee, which evaluates the appropriate strategy for collection to mitigate the amount of credit losses and considers the appropriate risk rating for these loans. Criticized asset reports for each relationship are presented by the assigned relationship manager and credit officer to the Criticized Asset Committee until such time as the relationships are returned to a satisfactory credit risk rating or otherwise resolved. The Criticized Asset Committee may require the transfer of a loan to our workout and recovery department, which is tasked to effectively manage the loan with the goal of minimizing losses and expenses associated with restructure, collection and/or liquidation of collateral. Commercial loans with a risk rating of substandard, loans on non-

accrual status, and assets classified as OREO or repossessed assets are usually transferred to workout and recovery. Oversight of the workout and recovery department is provided by the Criticized Asset Committee.

Our servicers evaluate each residential loan in default to determine the most effective loss mitigation strategy, which may be modification, short sale, or foreclosure, and pursue the alternative most suitable to the consumer and to mitigate losses to the bank.

Analysis of the Allowance for Credit Losses

The ACL is management's estimate of the amount of expected credit losses over the life of the loan portfolio, or the amount of amortized cost basis not expected to be collected, at the balance sheet date. This estimate encompasses information about historical events, current conditions and reasonable and supportable economic forecasts. Determining the amount of the ACL is complex and requires extensive judgment by management about matters that are inherently uncertain. Given the current level of economic uncertainty, the complexity of the ACL estimate and level of management judgment required, we believe it is possible that the ACL estimate could change, potentially materially, in future periods. Changes in the ACL may result from changes in current economic conditions, our economic forecast, loan portfolio composition, commercial and residential real estate market dynamics and circumstances not currently known to us that may impact the financial condition and operations of our borrowers, among other factors.

Expected credit losses are estimated on a collective basis for groups of loans that share similar risk characteristics. For loans that do not share similar risk characteristics with other loans such as collateral dependent loans, expected credit losses are estimated on an individual basis. Expected credit losses are estimated over the contractual terms of the loans, adjusted for expected prepayments, generally excluding expected extensions, renewals, and modifications.

For the substantial majority of portfolio segments and subsegments, including residential loans other than government insured loans, and most commercial and commercial real estate loans, expected losses are estimated using econometric models. The models employ a factor based methodology, leveraging data sets containing extensive historical loss and recovery information by industry, geography, product type, collateral type and obligor characteristics, to estimate PD and LGD. Measures of PD for commercial loans incorporate current conditions through market cycle or credit cycle adjustments. For residential loans, the models consider FICO and adjusted LTVs. PDs and LGDs are then conditioned on the reasonable and supportable economic forecast. Projected PDs and LGDs, determined based on pool level characteristics, are applied to estimated exposure at default, considering the contractual term and payment structure of loans, adjusted for prepayments, to generate estimates of expected loss. For criticized or classified loans, PDs are adjusted to benchmark PDs established for each risk rating. The ACL estimate incorporates a reasonable and supportable economic forecast through the use of externally developed macroeconomic scenarios applied in the models.

A single economic scenario or a probability weighted blend of economic scenarios may be used. The models ingest numerous national, regional and MSA level variables and data points.

At September 30, 2023, we used a combination of weighted third-party provided economic scenarios in calculating the quantitative portion of the ACL, and we used a single externally provided baseline scenario at December 31, 2022, with a downside scenario informing a qualitative overlay. Each of these externally provided scenarios in fact, represent the result of a probability weighting of thousands of individual scenario paths.

See Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements of the Company's 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K for more detailed information about our ACL methodology.

The following table provides an analysis of the ACL, provision for (recovery of) credit losses related to the funded portion of loans and net charge-offs by loan segment for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands):


	Residential			Non-Owner Occupied Commercial Real Estate			Construction and Land			Owner Occupied Commercial Real Estate			Commercial and Industrial			Pinnacle - municipal Finance			Franchise Finance			Equipment Finance			Total
















Balance at December 31, 2021	$	9,187		$	27,780		$	1,031		$	21,638		$	46,312		$	170		$	16,746		$	3,593		$	126,457
Provision for (recovery of) credit losses	2,576			1,428			512			(2,882)			29,621			(32)			3,791			(1,608)			33,406
Charge-offs	(412)			(9,179)			(233)			(2,870)			(10,248)			—			(12,988)			—			(35,930)
Recoveries	44			3,014			—			617			2,438			—			625			—			6,738
Balance at September 30, 2022	$	11,395		$	23,043		$	1,310		$	16,503		$	68,123		$	138		$	8,174		$	1,985		$	130,671

Balance at December 31, 2022	$	11,741		$	22,327		$	2,424		$	20,543		$	76,647		$	173		$	11,747		$	2,344		$	147,946
Impact of adoption of ASU 2022-02	(117)			—			—			5			(1,676)			—			(6)			—			(1,794)
Balance at January 1, 2023	11,624			22,327			2,424			20,548			74,971			173			11,741			2,344			146,152
Provision for (recovery of) credit losses	(3,602)			8,459			2,384			1,313			48,383			59			4,436			1,235			62,667
Charge-offs	—			(972)			—			(268)			(13,703)			—			(7,247)			—			(22,190)
Recoveries	9			131			—			2,124			7,129			—			41			—			9,434
Balance at September 30, 2023	$	8,031		$	29,945		$	4,808		$	23,717		$	116,780		$	232		$	8,971		$	3,579		$	196,063

Net Charge-offs to Average Loans (1)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022	0.01		%	0.15		%	0.16		%	0.16		%	0.17		%	—		%	5.74		%	—		%	0.16		%
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023	—		%	0.02		%	—		%	(0.13)		%	0.13		%	—		%	5.03		%	—		%	0.07		%

(1) Annualized.

The following table shows the distribution of the ACL at the dates indicated (dollars in thousands):


	September 30, 2023				June 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Total		%(1)		Total		%(1)			Total		%(1)
Residential	$	8,031	34.4	%	$	8,887	34.9	%		$	11,741	35.7	%


Non-owner occupied commercial real estate	29,945		21.7	%	27,305		21.5	%		22,327		21.7	%
Construction and land	4,808		1.8	%	2,392		1.6	%		2,424		1.2	%
CRE	34,753				29,697					24,751

Owner occupied commercial real estate	23,717		7.6	%	20,662		7.4	%		20,543		7.6	%
Commercial and industrial(2)	116,780		29.1	%	100,328		28.9	%		76,647		28.0	%
Pinnacle - municipal finance	232		3.7	%	197		3.9	%		173		3.7	%
Franchise finance	8,971		0.8	%	4,303		0.8	%		11,747		1.0	%
Equipment finance	3,579		0.9	%	2,759		1.0	%		2,344		1.1	%
	153,279				128,249					111,454
	$	196,063	100.0	%	$	166,833	100.0	%		$	147,946	100.0	%

(1)Represents percentage of loans receivable in each category to total loans receivable.

(2)Includes mortgage warehouse lending.

The following table presents the ACL as a percentage of loans at the dates indicated:


	September 30, 2023		June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022

Residential	0.10	%	0.10	%	0.13	%
Commercial:
CRE	0.61	%	0.52	%	0.43	%
Commercial and industrial	1.58	%	1.35	%	1.10	%
Pinnacle - municipal finance	0.03	%	0.02	%	0.02	%
Franchise finance	4.56	%	2.07	%	4.63	%
Equipment finance	1.63	%	1.16	%	0.82	%
Total commercial	1.18	%	0.99	%	0.85	%
	0.80	%	0.68	%	0.59	%

Factors contributing to the change in the ACL during the three months ended September 30, 2023 are depicted in the chart below (dollars in millions):

https://cdn.kscope.io/49ade9c1810640fa220a50f6b686487e-ACL Waterfall YTD 09302023.jpg

Changes in the ACL during the three months ended September 30, 2023

As depicted in the chart above, the primary driver of the increase in the ACL from June 30, 2023 to September 30, 2023 was the impact of a less favorable economic forecast. Changes in portfolio composition as well as risk rating migration and increases in certain specific reserves also had an impact. The ACL as a percentage of loans increased to 0.80% at September 30, 2023, from 0.68% at June 30, 2023. Discussion of changes in the ACL for select portfolio segments follows:

•The ACL for the CRE portfolio sub-segment, including non-owner occupied CRE and construction and land, increased by $5.1 million during the three months ended September 30, 2023, from 0.52% to 0.61% of loans. The increase in the ACL for this segment was primarily driven by the economic forecast and an increase in criticized and classified loans. At September 30, 2023, the ACL for the CRE office portfolio totaled $18.1 million, or 0.99% of loans, an increase from 0.83% of loans at June 30, 2023.

•The ACL for the commercial and industrial sub-segment, including owner-occupied commercial real estate, increased by $19.5 million during the three months ended September 30, 2023, from 1.35% to 1.58% of loans. The increase in the ACL for this segment was primarily driven by the economic forecast and an increase in certain specific reserves.

•The ACL for the franchise finance portfolio segment increased by $4.7 million during the three months ended September 30, 2023, from 2.07% to 4.56% of loans primarily due to an increase in specific reserves related to one relationship.

•The ACL for the equipment finance portfolio segment increased by $0.8 million during the three months ended September 30, 2023, from 1.16% to 1.63% of loans primarily due to an increase in criticized loans during the quarter.

The estimate of the ACL at September 30, 2023 was informed by forecasted economic scenarios published in September 2023, a wide variety of additional economic data, information about borrower financial condition and collateral values and other relevant information. The quantitative portion of the ACL at September 30, 2023 was modeled using a weighting of baseline, downside and upside third-party economic scenarios, with the highest weighting ascribed to the baseline scenario and the lowest weighting ascribed to the upside scenario. The economic variables that were most impactful to the increase in the ACL for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 included assumptions about interest rates and spreads, commercial property forecasts and the trajectory of regional unemployment.

Some of the high level data points informing the scenarios used in estimating the quantitative portion of the ACL at September 30, 2023 included:

•Labor market assumptions, which reflected national unemployment peaking at 4.21% in the baseline scenario and 7.7% in the downside scenarios; and

•Annualized growth in GDP troughing at 0.5% in the baseline and (3.6)% in the downside scenario.

The above unemployment and GDP growth assumptions are provided to give a high level overview of the nature and severity of the economic forecast scenarios used in estimating the ACL. Numerous additional variables and assumptions not explicitly stated, including but not limited to detailed commercial property forecasts, projected stock market volatility indices and a variety of assumptions about market interest rates and spreads also contributed to the overall impact economic conditions and the economic forecast had on the ACL estimate. Furthermore, while the variables presented above are at the national level, most of the variables are regionalized at the market and submarket level in the models.

For additional information about the ACL, see Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements.

Deposits

The Company has a diverse deposit book by industry sector. Our largest industry vertical at September 30, 2023 was the title insurance vertical, with approximately $2.8 billion in total deposits. Over 80% of title sector deposits were in operating accounts. Approximately 60% of our total deposits were commercial or municipal deposits at September 30, 2023, with approximately 80% of commercial deposits considered relationship-based.

The following table presents information about the Company's insured and collateralized deposits as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):


Total deposits	$	26,112,666

Estimated amount of uninsured deposits	$	12,033,365
Less: collateralized deposits	(2,829,962)
Less: affiliate deposits	(311,637)
Adjusted uninsured deposits	$	8,891,766
Estimated insured and collateralized deposits	$	17,220,900

Insured and collateralized deposits to total deposits	66		%

Time deposit accounts with balances of $250,000 or more totaled $893 million and $730 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The following table shows scheduled maturities of uninsured time deposits as of September 30, 2023 (in thousands):


Three months or less	$	325,562
Over three through six months	298,241
Over six through twelve months	130,460
Over twelve months	17,969
	$	772,232

The estimated amount of uninsured deposits at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was $12.0 billion and $18.2 billion, respectively. Collateralized and affiliate deposits are included in these amounts.

For additional information about Deposits, see Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements.

Borrowings

In addition to deposits, we utilize FHLB advances as a funding source; the advances provide us with additional flexibility in managing both term and cost of funding and in managing interest rate risk. FHLB advances are secured by qualifying residential first mortgage and commercial real estate loans and MBS. The following table presents information about the contractual balance of outstanding FHLB advances, as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):


	Amount		Weighted Average Rate
Maturing in:
2023 - One month or less	$	4,220,000	5.47	%
2023 - Over one month	620,000		5.56	%
2024	325,000		5.52	%



Total contractual balance outstanding	$	5,165,000

The table above reflects contractual maturities of outstanding advances and does not incorporate the impact that interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges have on the duration or cost of borrowings.

The table below presents information about outstanding interest rate swaps hedging the variability of interest cash flows on the FHLB advances included in the table above, as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):


	Notional Amount		Weighted Average Rate
Cash flow hedges maturing in:

2024	$	535,000	2.40	%
2025	625,000		2.74	%
2026	930,000		3.23	%

Thereafter	25,000		2.50	%
	$	2,115,000	2.87	%

See Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements and "Interest Rate Risk" below for more information about derivative instruments.

Outstanding notes payable and other borrowings consisted of the following at the dates indicated (in thousands):


	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Senior notes:
Principal amount of 4.875% senior notes maturing on November 17, 2025	$	394,621	$	400,000
Unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	(1,921)		(2,586)
	392,700		397,414
Subordinated notes:
Principal amount of 5.125% subordinated notes maturing on June 11, 2030	300,000		300,000
Unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	(4,471)		(4,880)
	295,529		295,120
Total notes	688,229		692,534
Finance leases	26,968		28,389
Notes and other borrowings	$	715,197	$	720,923

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Bank purchased $5.4 million of outstanding senior notes in the open market at a price of $4.8 million, an implied yield of approximately 10%.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity

Liquidity involves our ability to generate adequate funds to support planned interest earning asset growth, meet deposit withdrawal and credit line usage requests, maintain reserve requirements, conduct routine operations, pay dividends, service outstanding debt and meet other contractual obligations.

BankUnited's ongoing liquidity needs have historically been met primarily by cash flows from operations, deposit growth, the investment portfolio, its amortizing loan portfolio and FHLB advances. FRB discount window borrowings, repurchase agreement capacity and a letter of credit with the FHLB provide additional sources of contingent liquidity. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, net cash provided by operating activities was $594 million and $1.3 billion, respectively. The decline in cash flows from operating activities is primarily related to fluctuations in the daily cash settlement of derivative positions centrally cleared through the CME, a lower volume of re-securitization of early buyout loans and fluctuations in the timing of income tax refunds/payments.

Available liquidity sources include cash; secured funding, such as borrowing capacity at the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta, the Federal Reserve Discount Window and the BTFP; and unencumbered securities. Additional sources of liquidity include cash flows from operations, wholesale deposits, cash flow from the Bank's amortizing securities and loan portfolios, and the sale of investment securities. Management also has the ability to exert substantial control over the rate and timing of loan production, and resultant requirements for liquidity to fund new loans.

Systemic events of March 2023 impacted liquidity in the banking system, particularly for mid-size and regional banks, including BankUnited. Immediately following those events, management took a number of prudent actions to maximize BankUnited's same day available liquidity levels and enhance liquidity management. We activated our contingency funding plan, enhanced daily and intra-day monitoring and reporting, pledged additional securities and loan collateral to the FHLB and FRB, increased the amount of cash held on balance sheet and enhanced communications with funding sources, customers, counterparties and other stakeholders. While deposit flows and liquidity conditions appear to have substantially stabilized, we have kept in place enhanced monitoring and reporting of liquidity levels and deposit flows and have maintained higher levels of assets pledged at the FHLB and FRB.

At September 30, 2023, the Bank had total same day available liquidity of approximately $14.4 billion, consisting of cash of $379 million, borrowing capacity at the Federal Home Loan Bank of $5.0 billion, borrowing capacity at the FRB of $7.9 billion and unencumbered securities of $1.2 billion. At September 30, 2023, the ratio of estimated insured and collateralized deposits to total deposits was 66% and the ratio of available liquidity to estimated uninsured, uncollateralized deposits was 161%.

The ALM policy establishes limits or operating thresholds and guidelines for a number of measures of liquidity which are monitored at least monthly by the ALCO and quarterly by the Board of Directors. In the current environment, many of these

metrics are being monitored more frequently. Following the events of March 2023, management re-evaluated and refined these measures, and continues to evaluate further refinements as new data becomes available. Some of the measures currently used to dimension liquidity risk and manage liquidity are the ratio of available liquidity to uninsured/non-collateralized deposits, the ratio of wholesale funding to total assets, the ratio of available operational liquidity (which excludes availability at the FRB) to volatile liabilities, a liquidity stress test coverage ratio, the loan to deposit ratio, a one-year liquidity ratio a measure of on-balance sheet available liquidity, large depositor concentrations and the ratio of non-interest bearing deposits to total deposits, which is reflective of the quality and cost, rather than the quantity, of available liquidity. We have also established single depositor relationship limits.

The ALM policy stipulates that BankUnited’s liquidity measures are within policy limits if the available liquidity to uninsured, non-collateralized deposits ratio exceeds 100% and the wholesale funding ratio is less than 37.5%. At September 30, 2023, the available liquidity/uninsured, non-collateralized deposits ratio was 161% and the wholesale funding ratio was 31.8%. At September 30, 2023, BankUnited’s available operational liquidity/volatile liabilities ratio was 168% and the liquidity stress test coverage ratio was 188%, compared to acceptable thresholds of 130% and 150%, respectively. Although within policy limits, wholesale funding levels currently remain elevated; a near-term strategic priority of the Company is reducing wholesale funding. During the three months ended September 30, 2023, FHLB advances were reduced by $810 million and during the three months ended June 30, 2023, FHLB advances were reduced by $1.6 billion.

As a holding company, BankUnited, Inc. is a corporation separate and apart from its banking subsidiary, and therefore, provides for its own liquidity. BankUnited, Inc.’s main sources of funds include management fees and dividends from the Bank, access to capital markets and, to a lesser extent, its own securities portfolio. There are regulatory limitations that may affect the ability of the Bank to pay dividends to BankUnited, Inc. Management believes that such limitations will not impact our ability to meet our ongoing near-term cash obligations.

Capital

Pursuant to the FDIA, the federal banking agencies have adopted regulations setting forth a five-tier system for measuring the capital adequacy of the financial institutions they supervise. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company and the Bank had capital levels that exceeded both the regulatory well-capitalized guidelines and all internal capital ratio targets. Upon adoption of ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2020, the Company elected the option to temporarily delay the effects of CECL on regulatory capital for two years, followed by a three-year transition period.

The following table provides information regarding regulatory capital for the Company and the Bank as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):


	September 30, 2023
	Actual				Required to be Considered Well Capitalized				Required to be Considered Adequately Capitalized				Required to be Considered Adequately Capitalized Including Capital Conservation Buffer
	Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio
BankUnited, Inc.:
Tier 1 leverage	$	2,861,887	7.87	%	N/A (1)		N/A (1)		$	1,453,693	4.00	%	N/A (1)		N/A (1)
CET1 risk-based capital	$	2,861,887	11.42	%	$	1,628,267	6.50	%	$	1,127,261	4.50	%	$	1,753,518	7.00	%
Tier 1 risk-based capital	$	2,861,887	11.42	%	$	2,004,020	8.00	%	$	1,503,015	6.00	%	$	2,129,272	8.50	%
Total risk-based capital	$	3,353,095	13.39	%	$	2,505,025	10.00	%	$	2,004,020	8.00	%	$	2,630,277	10.50	%
BankUnited:
Tier 1 leverage	$	3,291,844	9.08	%	$	1,812,765	5.00	%	$	1,450,212	4.00	%	N/A		N/A
CET1 risk-based capital	$	3,291,844	13.17	%	$	1,624,717	6.50	%	$	1,124,804	4.50	%	$	1,749,695	7.00	%
Tier 1 risk-based capital	$	3,291,844	13.17	%	$	1,999,652	8.00	%	$	1,499,739	6.00	%	$	2,124,630	8.50	%
Total risk-based capital	$	3,483,053	13.93	%	$	2,499,564	10.00	%	$	1,999,652	8.00	%	$	2,624,543	10.50	%

(1) There is no Tier 1 leverage ratio component in the definition of a well-capitalized bank holding company.

We believe we are well positioned, from a capital perspective, to withstand an economic downturn. CET1 risk-based capital, including AOCI would be 9.8% at BankUnited, Inc. and 11.5% at BankUnited N.A. as of September 30, 2023. On an annual basis, we run a rigorous stress test of our entire balance sheet incorporating the FRB's CCAR scenarios as well as additional idiosyncratic scenarios reflective of evolving macro-economic themes. The latest stress test incorporating the FRB's

CCAR severely adverse scenario was performed during the three months ended June 30, 2023. In the CCAR severely adverse scenario, CET1 risk-based capital at the bank level troughs at 11.8%.

We have an active shelf registration statement on file with the SEC that allows the Company to periodically offer and sell in one or more offerings, individually or in any combination, our common stock, preferred stock and other non-equity securities. The shelf registration provides us with flexibility in issuing capital instruments and enables us to more readily access the capital markets as needed to pursue future growth opportunities and to ensure continued compliance with regulatory capital requirements. Our ability to issue securities pursuant to the shelf registration is subject to market conditions.

Interest Rate Risk

A principal component of the Company’s risk of loss arising from adverse changes in the fair value of financial instruments, or market risk, is interest rate risk, including the risk that assets and liabilities with similar re-pricing characteristics may not reprice at the same time or to the same degree. A primary objective of the Company’s asset/liability management activities is to maximize net interest income, while maintaining acceptable levels of interest rate risk. The ALCO is responsible for establishing policies to manage exposure to interest rate risk, and to ensure procedures are established to monitor compliance with these policies. The policies established by the ALCO are approved at least annually by the Board of Directors or its Risk Committee.

Management believes that the simulation of net interest income in different interest rate environments provides the most meaningful measure of interest rate risk. Income simulation analysis is designed to capture not only the potential of all assets and liabilities to mature or reprice, but also the probability that they will do so. Income simulation also attends to the relative interest rate sensitivities of these items, and projects their behavior over an extended period of time. Finally, income simulation permits management to assess the probable effects on the balance sheet not only of changes in interest rates, but also of proposed strategies for responding to them.

The income simulation model analyzes interest rate sensitivity by projecting net interest income over twelve and twenty-four month periods in a most likely rate scenario based on a consensus forward curve versus net interest income in alternative rate scenarios. Management continually reviews and refines its interest rate risk management process in response to changes in the interest rate environment, the economic climate and observed customer behavior. Currently, our interest rate risk policy framework is based on modeling instantaneous rate shocks to a static balance sheet, assuming that maturing instruments are replaced with like instruments at forward rates, of plus and minus 100, 200 and 300 and plus 400 basis point shifts. We also model a variety of dynamic balance sheet scenarios, various yield curve slopes, and alternative depositor behavior assumptions. We continually evaluate the scenarios being modeled with a view toward adapting them to changing economic conditions, expectations and trends.

The following table presents the impact on forecasted net interest income compared to a "most likely" scenario, based on the consensus forward curve, in static balance sheet, parallel rate shock scenarios of plus and minus 100 and 200 basis points at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.


	Down 200		Down 100		Plus 100		Plus 200



Model Results at September 30, 2023 - decrease
In year 1	(3)	%	(1)	%	(1)	%	(4)	%
In year 2	(7)	%	(3)	%	(2)	%	(3)	%
Model Results at December 31, 2022 - increase (decrease)
In year 1	(5)	%	(2)	%	—	%	(1)	%
In year 2	(8)	%	(3)	%	2	%	2	%

Management also simulates changes in EVE in various interest rate environments. The following table illustrates the modeled change in EVE in the indicated scenarios at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:


	Down 200		Down 100		Plus 100		Plus 200

Model Results at September 30, 2023 - increase (decrease):	15	%	12	%	(8)	%	(17)	%
Model Results at December 31, 2022 - increase (decrease):	4	%	4	%	(5)	%	(11)	%

Changes in modeled results at September 30, 2023 compared to results at December 31, 2022 reflect shifts in funding mix and updated assumptions about depositor behavior, impacting both beta and decay assumptions, following the events impacting the banking sector of March 2023. Results are also impacted by the negative convexity of the residential mortgage portfolio and

embedded caps in certain floating rate securities. All of the modeled results at September 30, 2023 as presented above are within acceptable thresholds set forth in the ALM policy.

Management continually evaluates a variety of hedging strategies that are available to manage interest rate risk. Many assumptions were used by the Company to calculate the impact of changes in interest rates, including the change in rates. Actual results may not be similar to the Company’s projections due to several factors including the timing and frequency of rate changes, market conditions, changes in depositor behavior and loan prepayment speeds and the shape of the yield curve. Actual results may also differ due to the Company’s actions, if any, in response to changing rates and conditions.

Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities

Interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow or fair value hedging instruments are one of the tools we use to manage interest rate risk. These derivative instruments are used to mitigate exposure to changes in interest cash flows on variable rate liabilities and to changes in the fair value of fixed rate financial instruments, in each case caused by fluctuations in benchmark interest rates, as well as to manage duration of liabilities.

The following table provides information about the Company's derivatives designated as hedging instruments as of September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands):


				Weighted Average Pay Rate / Strike Price	Weighted Average Receive Rate / Strike Price	Weighted Average Remaining Life in Years
		Notional Amount
	Hedged Item
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
Pay-fixed interest rate swaps	Variability of interest cash flows on variable rate borrowings	$	2,115,000	2.87%	Daily SOFR	2.1
Pay-fixed interest rate swaps	Variability of interest cash flows on variable rate liabilities	400,000		1.22%	Fed Funds Effective Rate	0.9
Pay-variable interest rate swaps	Variability of interest cash flows on variable rate loans	200,000		Term SOFR	3.72%	2.6
Interest rate caps purchased, indexed to Fed Funds effective rate	Variability of interest cash flows on variable rate liabilities	200,000		0.88%		1.7
Interest rate collar, indexed to 1-month SOFR(1)	Variability of interest cash flows on variable rate loans	125,000		5.58%	1.50%	2.9
Derivatives designated as fair value hedges:
Pay-fixed interest rate swaps	Variability of fair value of fixed rate loans	100,000		1.94%	Daily SOFR	0.8
		$	3,140,000

(1) The interest rate collar consists of a combination of zero-premium interest rate options. The Company sold a pay-variable cap with a strike price of 5.58%; sold a 0% floor; and purchased a receive-variable floor with a strike price of 1.50%.

In addition to derivative instruments, the Company has issued callable CDs to hedge interest rate risk in a falling rate environment; the amount of such instruments outstanding at September 30, 2023 was $711 million, The short duration of our investment portfolio (2.03 at September 30, 2023) also provides a natural offset from an interest rate risk perspective to the longer duration of the residential mortgage portfolio.

See Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information about derivative financial instruments.

LIBOR Transition

As discussed in the "LIBOR Transition" section in the MD&A of the Company's 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K, the FCA, which regulates USD LIBOR, discontinued the one-week and two-month LIBOR tenors effective December 31, 2021 and remaining tenors were discontinued effective June 30, 2023. The Company executed a comprehensive roadmap to amend the terms of LIBOR-based financial instruments, generally replacing LIBOR with SOFR as the preferred alternative reference rate. As of September 30, 2023, all LIBOR-based instruments have been converted to an alternative reference rate, generally SOFR, based on their contractual provisions.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Tangible book value per common share is a non-GAAP financial measure. Management believes this measure is relevant to understanding the capital position and performance of the Company. Disclosure of this non-GAAP financial measure also provides a meaningful basis for comparison to other financial institutions as it is a metric commonly used in the banking industry. The following table reconciles the non-GAAP financial measurement of tangible book value per common share to the comparable GAAP financial measurement of book value per common share at the dates indicated (in thousands except share and per share data):


	September 30, 2023		June 30, 2023
Total stockholders’ equity	$	2,524,070	$	2,526,310
Less: goodwill and other intangible assets	77,637		77,637
Tangible stockholders’ equity	$	2,446,433	$	2,448,673

Common shares issued and outstanding	74,413,059		74,429,948

Book value per common share	$	33.92	$	33.94

Tangible book value per common share	$	32.88	$	32.90

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

See the section entitled “Interest Rate Risk” included in Item 2. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-Q, we carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e). Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

During the quarter ended September 30, 2023, there were no changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting, that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The Company is involved as plaintiff or defendant in various legal actions arising in the normal course of business. In the opinion of management, based upon currently available information and the advice of legal counsel, the likelihood is remote that any adverse impact of these proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, would be material to the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Except as set forth below there have been no material changes in the risk factors disclosed by the Company in its 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 22, 2023.

Recent events affecting the banking industry predicated by the failure of three regional banks and resulting media coverage may have eroded customer confidence in the banking system and have adversely impacted liquidity, particularly for regional banks like BankUnited.

Bank failures that occurred in March and April 2023 generated significant market volatility and adversely impacted stock prices among publicly traded bank holding companies and, in particular, regional banks like the Company. Many regional banks, including BankUnited, experienced higher than normal deposit outflows immediately following the first regional bank failures in March 2023. These developments negatively impacted customer confidence in the safety and soundness of regional banks. As a result of these events, customers may choose to maintain deposits with larger financial institutions or in other higher yielding alternatives, which could materially adversely impact the Company’s liquidity, loan funding capacity, net interest margin, capital and results of operations. While the Department of the Treasury, the Federal Reserve, and the FDIC have made statements regarding the safety and soundness of the banking system and taken actions to ensure that depositors of recently failed banks would have access to their deposits, including uninsured deposit accounts, there is no guarantee that such actions will be ultimately successful in restoring customer confidence in regional banks and the banking system more broadly.

These events may result in potentially adverse changes to laws or regulations governing banks and bank holding companies or in the impositions of restrictions through supervisory or enforcement activities, including higher capital or liquidity requirements, which could have a material impact on our business. Changes to capital regulations have been proposed, although not finalized, for institutions with over $100 billion in assets; if enacted as proposed, the secondary impact on institutions the size of the Company are difficult to predict. The cost of resolving the recent bank failures is likely to result in an additional FDIC deposit insurance assessment, which will negatively impact the Company's earnings in at least the period the assessment is levied.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 5. Other Information

During the three months ended September 30, 2023, no director or officer (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 16a-1(f)) of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K.

Item 6.

Exhibits

Exhibit
Number

Description

Location

31.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Filed herewith

31.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Filed herewith

32.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Filed herewith

32.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Filed herewith

101.INS

The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document

Filed herewith

101.SCH

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema

Filed herewith

101.CAL

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase

Filed herewith

101.DEF

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase

Filed herewith

101.LAB

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase

Filed herewith

101.PRE

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase

Filed herewith

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized this 1st day of November 2023.


			/s/ Rajinder P. Singh
			Rajinder P. Singh
			Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer


			/s/ Leslie N. Lunak
			Leslie N. Lunak
			Chief Financial Officer

Document

Exhibit 31.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

I, Rajinder P. Singh, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of BankUnited, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


/s/ Rajinder P. Singh
Rajinder P. Singh
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
Date: November 1, 2023

Document

Exhibit 31.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer

Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

I, Leslie N. Lunak, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of BankUnited, Inc.;

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


/s/ Leslie N. Lunak
Leslie N. Lunak
Chief Financial Officer
Date: November 1, 2023

Document

Exhibit 32.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of BankUnited, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Rajinder P. Singh, as Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, to the best of my knowledge, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.


/s/ Rajinder P. Singh
Rajinder P. Singh
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Date: November 1, 2023

Document

Exhibit 32.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of BankUnited, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Leslie N. Lunak, as Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, to the best of my knowledge, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.


/s/ Leslie N. Lunak
Leslie N. Lunak
Chief Financial Officer

Date: November 1, 2023